Symbolism in Trifles by Susan Glaspell - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 776 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/07/01 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Trifles Essay Did you like this example? In the play, Trifles, by Susan Glaspell tells a story full of mystery surrounding the murder of farmer, John Wright. Two housewives hide evidence that could be damning for Minnie Wright in the death of her abusive husband. Due to it being a one act play, Glaspell has the opportunity to give hints through foreshadowing, themes of isolation, gender roles, and she also does this through symbolism. By the end they are not wondering who did it, but why. Glaspell gives the women in her play a voice by making the men stereotypical, flat, characters. The men are self centered and have tunnel vision, whereas the women are more understanding and see the crime from a more dimensional point of view. These stark differences make gender roles a main theme throughout the play. The men are only focused on gathering evidence to convict Minnie, but Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters seek to understand her on a deeper level. They find evidence that helps them realize there is more to the story than it seems. Mr. Henderson, the county attorney, overlooks the small clues that help paint the bigger picture. He ignores Mr. Hale when he tells him Mr. Wright never seemed to care about his wife. Henderson tries to make the mess in the kitchen seem like the fault of Mrs. Wright and bad housekeeping rather than considering her mental state, and when the women come to her defense he says, Ah, loyal to your sex I see. This line is ironic, because the women are in f act loyal to their sex even though Henderson is mocking them. If the men had seen beyond just a dirty home and stopped being so sarcastic they could have found evidence that would have been useful in their case. Glaspell makes Mrs. Peters and Mrs. Hale seem timid and submissive to their husbands at first, but as the story goes on and the women speak freely amongst each other there is a sense of togetherness and sympathy for Minnie between them. Once they find the dead canary they piece together what has happened. The dead bird combined with what they know has happened to Minnie over the years, helps them understand why Minnie was driven to such an extreme as killing her husband instead of making her seem like the crazed killer the men try to make her out to be. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Symbolism in Trifles by Susan Glaspell" essay for you Create order The canary symbolized everything Minnie used to be and what she longed for. Mrs. Hale says, She used to wear pretty clothes and be lively, when she was Minnie Foster, one of the town girls singing in the choir. From this the reader can interpret that before she became Mrs. Wright, Minnie was a completely different person. The canary was hope and comfort for Minnie that one day she might be happy again and once John took that away from her, she was so devastated and distraught that she became angry enough to kill him. This anger is symbolized in John Wright being strangled, because she killed him in the same way he killed her spirit, hopes, and her bird. Glaspell made the theme of isolation and the effect it can have on the psyche prominent throughout the play, because it happened to many women during this time period. Mrs. Hale said, We all go through the same things, its all just a different kind of the same thing. This line was significant because it solidifies their solidarity as women and the guilt Mrs. Hale has for not helping Minnie, although she had a clue of what was happening. On the other hand the question of whether Minnie could have truly been helped could be asked. John Wright isolated Minnie and he was abusive towards her. Someone who is being abused could be saved in theory, but mentally that person is broken. Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters want badly to get justice for Minnie, but they are not sure how to go about it. Ultimately they decide that hiding the dead bird would be best for Minnie. Glaspell was writing about more than just a mystery, she is portraying the different perceptions between men and women. She was writing on misogyny, and the awful effect it can have on women. When a woman is isolated and abused she can do heinous things that she may not typically be capable of. The question is does Minnie deserve the punishment deserved for murder or has she been punished enough? The women surely seem to think so as they hide the evidence from the county attorney and sheriff. As an oppressed group they felt they had the burden of protecting Minnie.

Postmodernism Essay - 508 Words

Postmodernism The 20th Century, in many ways, can be remembered as a time of scientific and technological revolution. The innovations and rapid growth in many areas of technology have cast doubt upon words such as ignorance and impossibility. This revolution also instigated new and/or radical ideas in the world of academia. The growth of post-modernism and its adherers in historical circles have caused quite a stir in dealing with the validity of many historical documents. Critical analysis of the subject of modernism and post-modernism can be simplified in one statement: What is our understanding of certainty? The modern critical analysis form is an ideal philosophy of industrialism, an ideology that adopts the†¦show more content†¦The common goal for modern historians is to find HISTORY, truth, and moral rights by methodically deducing facts and past events. By such ways, the truthful understanding of the past makes history useful for us in the present. In post-modern critical analysis, its philosophy lies in the critiquing the false in modernism. Truth/fact is merely a socially constructed ideal dependent on the context in which it is used [connotative meanings]. Post-modernists debunk the importance of fact due to limited personal perspectives. Since each person could have numerous perspectives on issues, the shear number would constitute the many facts once could have. Opposed to the modernist philosophy reflecting Western history, post-modernism follows an Eastern eclectic form of what history might be. In relation to historical analysis, post-modernism raises the importance of context. Truth/fact is dependent on the time, place and the observer. Post-modernists see many historical documents as a narrative, stories in which their validity is questionable and thus it cannot be completely true. For the record, I am a modernist with some post-modernist ideals. Modern critical analysis of history appears to be more fathomable than post-modernism. To look at the world around us objectively correlates events with reality, and gives meaning to why things happen and to prevent bad things from repeating in the future.Show MoreRelatedPostmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism1472 Words   |  6 PagesModernism and Postmodernism are both two important eras in design. Postmodernism takes a lot of concepts from the modernism era. Both modernism and post modernism focus on Style, Social analysis, Cultural Context, Philosophy, Politics, Human experience, Machine aesthetics, and the constant transformation of the â€Å"New†. An interesting fact of the Modernism and Postmodernism is the use of the psychology and philosophy themes 1. Subjectivity 2.History 3. Culture and 4. 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It is in this background that Postm odernism started taking shape and became a common ground on which practitioners from all social domains would produce their work. There are many voices debating the meanings of postmodernism, discussing its validity or simply denying it. Some claim that it never happened while some are daring enough to put a clear beginning date on it or its deadline. One might say that the invalidity of postmodernism that some critics claimed might be, paradoxically

Sacraments final study guide free essay sample

Tuesday when I have approved this document as being correct. We will review these items on Mon Tues, Dec 16 17. Deacon Stickney will be available during all Exam Cram hours, with a special review on Monday during the theology period. The only exception is Tuesday during the Theology hour, which is dedicated to World Religions. Format for Final: 8 to 10 short answer questions and a longer comprehensive essay. Open iPad. Please download all documents. You are on your honor not to access the internet during the test. This is a critical thinking exam. You may be asked to explain the reasoning behind a note or a definition. Explanations should be in full sentences. If the prompt asks you to ID (identify), a word or two may suffice. You may be asked for an example that applies an idea to a real life situation. Make sure your examples involve the senses or situations that people face. We will write a custom essay sample on Sacraments final study guide or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Midterm Study List is posted as an attachment on BlackBoard. 1 or 2 questions will be from the 1st quarter. General Notes and Questions ID The 3 stages of faith. How do they relate to the Sacrament of Reconciliation? How did they cause a problem between Lutherans and Catholics and how was it resolved? -The Three Stages of faith are the heart (the intention to give your life to God), the lips profession) (You profess your faith publically in Baptism), and the arms and legs (action) (You act on your faith by serving others). The application to reconciliation is that God forgives us from our sins , and as a result one believes in their heart that they are forgiven. The next is that of profession, you profess that you have sinned in specific ways. You let it be heard, you vibrate the air with your honesty. The third is action, and it is related to reconciliation because you are starting a momentum toward goodness by doing an act of penance. These are stages because first one believes in the privacy of ones will, but

William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar Essay Essay Example

William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar Essay Essay Julius Caesar shows that people respond to power and glorification in different ways. Discuss. William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar has a strong focal point on the response that assorted characters display to power and glorification. and how and why this response may change between them. Shakspere shows contrast in response to high quality to a great extent throughout the text. and explains that people’s revenge to it will ever differ. Where focal point for some. prevarications in the attainment and retention of power. others prefer a position of conserving Rome’s traditional authorities system. Contrast is seen strongly in character’s positions of Caesar’s decease. and besides in their sentiments of the predating events and Caesar’s addition of power. Despite these differing factors. all characters are portrayed to hold some sort of lecherousness for power. and purpose to derive authorization over citizens. These qualities are seen most strongly across the supporters of the narrative: Caesar. Brutus. Cassius and Antony. Throughout the text. characters claim to oppose Caesar’s regulation for the pure ground of conserving the traditions of Rome’s authorities and heritage. but some developments strongly suggest the subterranean motivation of desire for power. We will write a custom essay sample on William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on William Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The thought of â€Å" [ Rome’s ] broad walk [ embracing ] but merely one man† is dashing to Cassius. and he peculiarly portrays this throughout the drama. joined by Brutus. claiming that the blackwash of Caesar brings them â€Å"peace. freedom and liberty† . However. opposing this. Cassius provinces that he â€Å"was born every bit free as Caesar† and therefore is every bit meriting of power. connoting enviousness or resent toward the omnipotence Caesar achieves. Brutus stands by his purpose. decidedly meaning his portion with the plotters was â€Å"not that [ he ] loved Caesar less. but that [ he ] loved Rome more† . Brutus feels as though Caesar’s leading would negatively impact Rome and the good that Roman citizens have achieved. In contrast. Caesar and Antony both claim that Caesar’s regulation would be positive for Rome. Antony. as a strong protagonist. bases by Caesar and claims that Caesar does hold love for Rome. and would ne’er hold put the destiny of Rome in danger. Although he states this verbally much later in the drama. this is seen through Antony showing the Crown to Caesar upon his return to Rome from get the better ofing Pompey. Caesar himself believes that he is worthy to govern Rome. and wants to derive the trust and support of the Roman citizens. He begins to make this by rejecting the Crown when offered it. cognizing that many people would be unhappy with the credence of the Crown. and the subsequent stoping of the Republic. nevertheless it is apparent that his purposes may alter. When told to go to the Senate as the Crown is traveling to be offered to him once more. Caesar thirstily takes this chance. connoting his desire. Although he is â€Å"for the good of Rome† . he still has purpose to travel against the system of authorities in topographic point for omnipotence. Upon Caesar’s blackwash. the sentiments of many characters is shown to vary strongly. and this becomes progressively apparent as the text continues. Antony immediately ridicules the logical thinking of the blackwa sh. stating that he was non â€Å"ambitious† in the sense of deriving domination. as he was â€Å"thrice presented†¦a kingly crown† and â€Å"he did thrice refuse† . presenting his said â€Å"ambition† to be questionable. This is a mark of his repose toward power and those who have acquired it. contrasting with Cassius. who feels it is boisterous for Caesar to â€Å"bestride the narrow world† as the exclusive leader of Rome. and sees that this is just ground for Caesar’s blackwash. Cassius here appears to hold desire for power. and to utilize Toward the decision of the text. upon taking their ain lives. both Cassius and Brutus officially verbalise their positions of their purposes in Caesar’s blackwash. but they besides have differing responses to what they have done. While Brutus seems to demo sorrow over killing Caesar. Cassius seems acrimonious about Caesar’s decease. with the claim that Caesar was â€Å"revenged† by Cassius’ self-destruction. as if to entitle him with the incrimination for his decease. Brutus seems sorry. as he states that Caesar was killed â€Å"with half so good a will† than himself. stating that he is more deserving of decease. and offering Caesar to â€Å"be still† in his decease. The protagonists’ positions on the blackwash thrust frontward the strong aspiration they show to achieve power themselves. and their feelings toward those who are in power. Opinions of Caesar’s success are to a great extent contrasted between the story’s protagonists to underscore how they see glory and fame. peculiarly comparing Antony and Cassius. Their positions oppose each other. with Antony strongly back uping the success and rise of Caesar. where Brutus claims that Romans â€Å"as underlings† should be endeavoring to travel against Caesar’s reign. and alter the manner Caesar is taking. Antony focuses strongly on Caesar’s lea ding as a positive portion of Rome’s society. and the love Caesar displays to the people. He signifies this by â€Å"thrice [ showing Caesar ] a kingly crown† . and stating the people of Rome of Caesar’s great efforts. Although the chief contrast lies here. both Brutus and Caesar himself have their ain sentiments. both of which slightly contrast with the positions of Antony and Cassius. Brutus responds to Caesar’s reign by oppugning Caesar’s character. and chew overing the thought that Caesar’s coronating â€Å"might alteration his nature† . implying that he may go a worse individual because of it. Caesar himself has a positive response to his addition of power. but shortly it seems as though power shortly goes to his caput. and he begins to do roseola determinations that regard the people of Rome more harshly. Each supporter has a different attack to Caesar’s reign. and each character responds to his rise in their ain single m ode. The segregation of sentiments in respects to power and glorification is contrasted in itself by each character’s shared desire for power. This component of the text is seen at some times more strongly than others. as characters portray their emotions through private and public ideas otherwise. and express more in what they think in private. Cassius. although apparently â€Å"for the good of Rome† is described by Caesar to â€Å" [ have ] a mean and hungry look† . implying that he has desire for power. which is besides seen through the deduction of his resentment and enviousness of Caesar when he claims that he was â€Å"born every bit free as [ him ] † . Brutus is likely the least power hungry of characters. although he still does want power and luck. as he claims he â€Å"would non hold it so† with Caesar a swayer. yet he still â€Å" [ loves ] him well† . Antony seems to desire the attending and regard of people in the assembly of Rom an citizens more than legitimate power over them. and uses his public speech production and persuasive accomplishments to accomplish this. with his repeat of the phrase: â€Å"Brutus is an honorable man† to condescend and degrade him. Caesar is the most power hungry of them all. although does non look it in his rejection of the Crown. He wants â€Å"men about [ him ] who are fat† in the sense of cognition. and content with the power they have. as he does non desire anyone stealing his power from him. Each supporter portions this lecherousness for glorification and prestigiousness. and each in a sense additions some victory throughout the text. Although there is a shared desire to obtain and keep power. the characters Shakespeare portrays in Julius Caesar depict the differing responses that many characters can hold to the power they have. or the power those around them have decidedly. They may portion some facets of their reactions. or portray it in a similar sense. but overall. the characters positions and sentiments vary to a great extent throughout the text. Each facet of the response characters have is seen in all four. but in each it opposes. as seen through the picks and contemplations that characters portray.

Free Essays on Jordanian

A Jordanian-born college student held for three months in connection with the investigation of the September 11 attacks was released Thursday after posting $500,000 bail on charges he lied to a federal grand jury. Osama Awadallah, 21, a permanent U.S. resident who has lived in San Diego for three years, left a federal courthouse with his attorney without commenting. Attorney Jesse Berman said his client had nothing to do with the September 11 attacks. Prosecutors say Awadallah acknowledged before a grand jury he knew two of the men who hijacked American Airlines Flight 77 and steered it into the Pentagon. According to the indictment, Awadallah's name was also on a scrap of paper found in the car Pentagon hijacker Nawaf Al Hazmi abandoned at Washington Dulles International Airport. The indictment also says Awadallah admitted knowing Khalid Almidhar, another of the Flight 77 hijackers. Leaving court Thursday, Berman said his client was tortured while jailed at Manhattan's Metropolitan Correctional Center. He said Awadallah was kicked and beaten and forced to look at an American flag. He said his cell was flooded so he could not say his Muslim prayers. "We've detailed in our motion papers the torture he's been put through the past three months," Berman said. Awadallah's family helped raise his bail with the support of the Muslim community in San Diego. His brother put up his 1971 Ford ice cream truck as collateral. Awadallah, wearing a blue warm-up suit when he left court, was to fly to San Diego Friday morning to be with his family for the end of the Muslim holy month Ramadan. Awadallah was indicted in October on charges he made false statements to a federal grand jury in New York hearing evidence in the investigation of the attacks. In testimony October 10, Awadallah conceded seeing Al Hazmi about 35 to 40 times in he San Diego area between April 2000 and January 2001 at Awadallah's previous wo... Free Essays on Jordanian Free Essays on Jordanian A Jordanian-born college student held for three months in connection with the investigation of the September 11 attacks was released Thursday after posting $500,000 bail on charges he lied to a federal grand jury. Osama Awadallah, 21, a permanent U.S. resident who has lived in San Diego for three years, left a federal courthouse with his attorney without commenting. Attorney Jesse Berman said his client had nothing to do with the September 11 attacks. Prosecutors say Awadallah acknowledged before a grand jury he knew two of the men who hijacked American Airlines Flight 77 and steered it into the Pentagon. According to the indictment, Awadallah's name was also on a scrap of paper found in the car Pentagon hijacker Nawaf Al Hazmi abandoned at Washington Dulles International Airport. The indictment also says Awadallah admitted knowing Khalid Almidhar, another of the Flight 77 hijackers. Leaving court Thursday, Berman said his client was tortured while jailed at Manhattan's Metropolitan Correctional Center. He said Awadallah was kicked and beaten and forced to look at an American flag. He said his cell was flooded so he could not say his Muslim prayers. "We've detailed in our motion papers the torture he's been put through the past three months," Berman said. Awadallah's family helped raise his bail with the support of the Muslim community in San Diego. His brother put up his 1971 Ford ice cream truck as collateral. Awadallah, wearing a blue warm-up suit when he left court, was to fly to San Diego Friday morning to be with his family for the end of the Muslim holy month Ramadan. Awadallah was indicted in October on charges he made false statements to a federal grand jury in New York hearing evidence in the investigation of the attacks. In testimony October 10, Awadallah conceded seeing Al Hazmi about 35 to 40 times in he San Diego area between April 2000 and January 2001 at Awadallah's previous wo...

Hyphens Are Chains Linking Phrasal Adjectives

Hyphens Are Chains Linking Phrasal Adjectives Hyphens Are Chains Linking Phrasal Adjectives Hyphens Are Chains Linking Phrasal Adjectives By Mark Nichol Writers frequently neglect to connect two words that together constitute a single grammatical unit modifying a noun that follows them. This error of omission is even more likely when the phrasal adjective consists of more than two words. The following sentences demonstrate such errors, and a discussion and a revision follow each example. 1. Leaders should be demanding reports that provide relevant stakeholders with near real time information. The phrase â€Å"near real time† consists of three terms that combined to describe a type of information, so the phrase should be linked with hyphens: â€Å"Leaders should be demanding reports that provide relevant stakeholders with near-real-time information.† 2. He found himself immersed in an in the trenches position. The position is in the trenches, so those last three words must be hyphenated when preceding the noun: â€Å"He found himself immersed in an in-the-trenches position.† 3. The student had a six-month long affair with his English teacher. Here, the phrasal adjective is incompletely hyphenated, leaving the reader with the impression that a long affair was of a six-month nature. But long is part of the phrasal adjective: â€Å"The student had a six-month-long affair with his English teacher.† 4. Police investigated the much talked about incident. When much precedes an adjective such as needed and the two words precede a noun, much is connected to the next word with a hyphen. The same rule applies when much intensifies an existing phrasal adjective such as â€Å"talked about†: â€Å"Police investigated the much-talked-about incident.† 5. Next, the firm undergoes a revenue recognition transition process. Here, the number of words in the phrasal adjective is the same as the number in each of the preceding examples, but the use of jargon makes the phrasing more dense. The sentence can be corrected to â€Å"Next, the firm undergoes a revenue-recognition-transition process,† but in this case, is better to relax the sentence by starting with the noun and progressing from there: â€Å"Next, the firm undergoes a process of transitioning revenue recognition.† (Take care, however, that the correct meaning of the terminology is preserved in the revision.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:60 Synonyms for â€Å"Walk†The Parts of a WordSentence Adverbs

Progress paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Progress paper - Essay Example Also, the project is worth undertaking given the huge potential that it has. Thus the E-coin project will be well out thought venture for Goldman Sachs given the numerous investments. Moreover, the internet usage of E-coin continues to show a tremendous sign of growing over the past few years. The return for Goldman to investment in E-coin is invaluable if E-coin becomes one of the most popular online payment systems. Strategy on putting the advert about E-coin technology that Goldman seeks to introduce was crafted. This involved how the technology would be advertised. In doing this, some of the reputable media organizations were approached to do the advert. The department involved in executing this task was the marketing department. The advert was to be done in a full-page paper in magazines as well as through TV adverts and radio adverts. Further, also, negotiations were done with the supplier companies that would be tasked with the production of the technology. The negotiations entailed a meeting at the company headquarters where resolutions were arrived at. Among others, the resolutions included the manner in which the technology would be secured and made easy to use, that is, user friendly. The down payments for the technology were done. Further, an agreement was made that the IT team from Goldman Sachs would work collaboratively with the company’s IT team. The work at this stage is more of transition work that I am doing to ensure that Goldman Sachs properly adopts the E-coin payment system. At this stage, we have acquired a number of equipment to see the adoption and implementation of technology. We are bringing experts also on board at this stage so as to implement the technology successfully. Therefore, lots of resources are bing deployed at this stage to ensure successful execution of task. Deploying resources means that we

Relationshipe between cartel crime and corporate governance Literature review

Relationshipe between cartel crime and corporate governance - Literature review Example In a number of jurisdictions, market sharing and price fixing for all purposes and intent are all constitutional violations. However, some people have argued that price fixing curbs destructive or unhealthy competition especially in oligopolistic industries. Assertion from other quarters is of the opinion that Collusion and cartels are no real threat to the market since they are majorly unstable and temporary in nature. This emanates from the fact that cartels are usually united by common interests at the beginning but in later stages, each diverts to pursue and protect its own interest which makes the whole system crumble. In most cases after agreeing to apply a uniform market price, one of the firms within the cartel usually cheats the other by lowering the prices of its products in order to maximize its customer base which in turn translates to profits (Rizza 44, 2012). It is therefore argued that collusion between members of a cartel never long lasts because their exists a general mistrust among them and no clear channel to discipline any member of the cartel who by any means is proved to be violating terms of agrrement.In circumstances of implicit collusion, the problem is magnified because of lack of effective communication channels among the cartel members. Economically, price fixing being just a mere cartel or a heinous crime is judged by whether it adds value to the economic viability or not. If the economy is boosted through cartel collusion then some people have argued that it is economically viable. The theory just discussed has majorly been applied in two ways. Firstly, to take note of those industries that may be susceptible or otherwise and their effectiveness to cartelization. Secondly, how remedies can be effectively devised that destabilizes and detect cartels which would ultimately scuttle their incidence. Initially fronted by George Stigler and later modified by other

Merits and Demerits of Globalisation Essay Example for Free

Merits and Demerits of Globalisation Essay Introduction Globalization or (globalisation) is the process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society and function together. Globalization is often used to refer to economic globalization: the integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of technology. This process is usually recognized as being driven by a combination of economic, technological, socio-cultural, political and biological factors. The term can also refer to the transnational dissemination of ideas, languages, or popular culture. Globalization means increasing the interdependence, connectivity and integration on a global level with respect to the social, cultural, political, technological, economic and ecological levels. Effects of globalization:- ? enhancement in the information flow between geographically remote locations ? the global common market has a freedom of exchange of goods and capital ? there is a broad access to a range of goods for consumers and companies ? worldwide production markets emerge ? Corporations have greater flexibility to operate across borders ? Increased flow of communications allows vital information to be shared between individuals and corporations around the world ? Spread of democratic ideals to developed nations ? Greater interdependence of nation-states ? Reduction of likelihood of war between developed nations ? Workers in less developed countries should see an increase in wages and living benefits. If they do, their rising standard of living should help them consume products from developed nations. A virtuous circle can theoretically be created by a whole new middle class that didn’t exist. ? Peace should be easier to maintain between nations as no country would remain isolated in this new world order. The relationship of China and the United States has changed dramatically as their trade partner status has increased over the years. ? Globalization can help modernize developing countries faster. Modern ideas can be spread to the workers, who make up the social order. ? Products can be purchased much cheaper in developing countries, which increases the lifestyle of the people. As we pay less for simple common items, we have more to spend on big ticket items, which fuel higher paid manufacturing jobs in developed countries. Advantages of globalization in the developing world It is claimed that globalization increases the economic prosperity and opportunity in the developing world. The civil liberties are enhanced and there is a more efficient use of resources. All the countries involved in the free trade are at a profit. As a result, there are lower prices, more employment and a better standard of life in these developing nations. It is feared that some developing regions progress at the expense of other developed regions. However, such doubts are futile as globalization is a positive-sum chance in which the skills and technologies enable to increase the living standards throughout the world. Liberals look at globalization as an efficient tool to eliminate penury and allow the poor people a firm foothold in the global economy. In two decades from 1981 to 2001, the number of people surviving on $1 or less per day decreased from 1. 5 billion to 1. 1 billion. Simultaneously, the world population also increased. Thus, the percentage of such people decreased from 40% to 20% in such developing countries. Disadvantages of globalisation Disadvantages of globalisation are as follows:- ? Increased flow of skilled and non-skilled jobs from developed to developing nations as corporations seek out the cheapest labor ? Increased likelihood of economic disruptions in one nation effecting all nations ? Corporate influence of nation-states far exceeds that of civil society organizations and average individuals ? Threat that control of world media by a handful of corporations will limit cultural expression ?

Reinsurance Business :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Reinsurance Business ARTICLE I – PARTIES TO AGREEMENT This Agreement is solely between the Company and the Reinsurer and the performance of obligations of each party under this Agreement shall be rendered solely to the other party. In no instances shall anyone other than the Company or the Reinsurer have any rights under this Agreement except recognizing the Company has the sole responsibility for the evaluation and appointment of the Underwriting Manager, Managed Care Concepts of Delaware, Inc. (MCCI). Further, it is agreed that Associated Accident and Health Reinsurance Underwriters (AAHRU), a participating Reinsurer, is deemed to be the Lead Reinsurer. In that capacity, any and all actions of the Lead Reinsurer shall be made in the best interest of this Agreement and binding upon the other reinsurers. Should the Company appoint a new Underwriting Manager, the Reinsurer must approve any change in the Underwriting Manager, otherwise the Reinsurer has the right to cancel at the time of change. This Agreement shall be binding upon the parties, their heirs, and successors, if any. ARTICLE II – BASIS OF REINSURANCE On and after the effective date of this Agreement, the Company shall cede and the Reinsurer shall accept as reinsurance, a Quota Share portion, as shown within ARTICLE XXXII – EXECUTION, of the liability on policies, binders, contracts or agreements of insurance, hereinafter referred to as policies, issued or renewed by the Company on or after the effective date of this Agreement and underwritten for and on behalf of the Company by the Underwriting Manager and classified as Basic College Accident and Sickness Medical Expense Insurance, as described below: ï‚ · Basic College Accident and Sickness Medical Expense Insurance: Excess of all other valid and collectible insurance issued to the eligible students (various classes including, domestic undergraduate, domestic graduate and foreign students) and their eligible dependents. If the eligible student does not have primary insurance, this plan will be primary. Some plans may be written on a primary basis for which benefits will then be coordinated with any other plan in which the student is covered as a dependent. Premiums must be paid before insurance is in force and valid. The maximum benefit per individual covered insured is $500,000. ARTICLE III – RETENTION AND LIMIT The Reinsurer agrees to accept a fixed proportion of 85% of the first $500,000 per person per risk for all business subject to this Agreement.

Macro and Micro Environmental Factors Essay

There are many other products to choose in the soft drink market include Pepsi Co product , the different is those products are cheaper than Gatorade * In order to attract more customers, Gatorade has improved its product quality and spent lots of money on advertising. -Selling products Gatorade mostly is the imported product so most distributor afraid that they can’t sell Gatorade because of Gatorade price * Gatorade has increased the supplier’s commission. -Publics: The customers in the last 1 year with the developing of VN economic has begun to care about their health lately. Many sport center, fitness club, etc†¦ has been opened in the last 15 years. * The big, potential market for energy beverage drink such as Gatorade to grow. As the result, Pepsi has built up many small, convenient store around those places. * Advertising and promoting trough sport events. Gatorade is also focus on McKinsey’s structure include: structure, strategy, and skill, staff, and style, system and share value. + Style: Gatorade is one of the company which have style. It helps Pepsi too adopted to changes so it can reach and fix it quickly. + Strategy: Improve the sport drink market in VN * Improve both product quality and price * Has an production line in VN with cheap resources and good materials but still guarantee the quality. So as to compete, Pepsi has advertised its product a lot and had various surveys to research what their consumer’s needs and produce healthy products are. Macro environment -Political : VN has been the 150th member of WTO so it has attracted many big investors all over the world. The government has supported many enterprises and business investments by changing to the international law, this has led to more active business action which the consumers can approach to the local products and costumers can have more choice within all the global products too. * Pepsi Co considered about importing more Gatorade in each trip to reduce to price and earn more revenue or adding no more product. -Technology: Consumers now mostly pay all the products by credit, master or visa card which allows company to narrow the distance between producer and buyer. > It invests not only in one country but open up many branches all over the world and there must be decision whether to use capital for hiring staff, advertising the product, etc†¦. or not – Economics environment: The average income of a Vietnamese is affected by inflation and economic ciao. So, the number of selling product s are also decrease. Pepsi has made a decision to having more and more promotion, and held lots of social event to refresh the consumer’s comments about the company to set up a good new one. Environment: The environment issue in VN is becoming more and more serious. This problem is can’t be avoid in developing country. It’s the result of industrialize and modernization. To reduce pollution government has set up a law in order to protect the environment. Even though, Vietnamese’s awareness isn’t as high as other country but the law has been enforced a great punishment to those who pollute the environment. * This make Pepsi spent lots of money in buy new green-facilities , and providing the idea of protecting the nvironment to not only their staff but also their customers. Both help to protect the environment and stil l promote Pepsi good fame. Bargaining Power of Supplier: the soft drink market in VN and foreign isn’t the exclusive market. Bargaining Power of Consumers: * Industries facing powerful buyers: Distributors have the power to negotiate with the company on price, product quality, as well as marketing policy. * Industries facing weak buyers : have little impact on the market, Each buyers will buy the products with different purposes. Some bought to sell, others for political purpose . Numbers of require products is too much for the producer to still keeping it product quality. So that, the pressure is heavy too Threat of entry: Gatorade has many competitors. Competition from substitutes: Gatorade should be change product when customer want and need, also price and quality. Competition between firms: Gatorade have many competitor in Vietnam. Gatorade should always pay attention to your competitors.

Analysis of Obama’s Victory Speech

The presidential victory speech delivered by Barack Obama who is the president to be was held on November 4, 2008, in Grant Park, Chicago. It is about his won election for the office as the president. I will take a closer look on how Obama emphasizes his speech with stylistic devices. The speech is divided into four parts. The first part is from ll. 1-26, the second from ll. 27- 70, the third from ll. 71-9 and the last from ll. 95-105. In the first part of the speech Obama uses many stylistic devices. He makes repetitions (â€Å"three hours, four hours†, l. 0), (â€Å"Blue States†, l. 20, â€Å"United States†, l. 21) to underline his ideas and to emphasize that people waited long to have the chance to vote even for the first time (ll. 7-13) and that the USA is one state (ll. 18-21). He also uses a metaphor (â€Å"arc of history†, l. 25) to evoke the picture of a unity that hopes together and that believes as one in the American Dream. Obama also refers to the American Dream in the first lines where he wants the audience to think about it and he wants the listeners to ask themselves if they believe in it.He tries to get the attention by addressing the audience (â€Å"If there is anyone out there†¦ †, l. 1). In addition to that he makes many anaphoras (â€Å"who still†, ll. 1,3,4) to underline the importance of the American Dream to the Nation. With an enumeration (ll. 14-17) he shows that everyone not only the rich but also the poor have something to say and have a choice. In the middle section of the speech Obama uses personifications (â€Å"†¦ the enormity of the task that lies ahead. †, l. 40) to point out the importance of the things that have to be done.With an enumeration (â€Å"l. 45) he involves the audience to show them which work they have to expect. Another point is that he uses repetitions (â€Å"I will† , ll. 51, 52, 53) and (â€Å"There†, l. 50) to make the listeners understa nd that he will be there for everyone and that he will never leave them with no hope. With a metaphor (â€Å"†¦ if Americas beacon still burns as bright-†¦ †, l. 67) he tries to give the people hope that America will always be the same strong Nation as it was.The third part starts with an example of a women (ll. 3-79) with which Obama wants the listeners identify with him and wants to show that he is just a human being as everyone else. After the example fallows an enumeration (ll. 80- 82) which emphasizes the strengths with which the women stands for her country because there were many things which she had seen but it is an example which says that she never lost her faith and that everyone else should act like her. The repetition (â€Å"New†, l. 86) shows that Obama wants to create something new and wants the audience to feel so, too.He arouses the audience`s emotions in giving the anaphora â€Å"Yes we can† (ll. 82, 84, 86, 88, 90, 94, 104) which he uses very often to stabilize the feeling of triumph in the listeners and to make them want to feel supported that they want to and can change something. With another enumerations (ll. 91-92) Obama wants to tell everyone what happened in the world which was from importance and that this little thing a women did (â€Å" And in this year, in this election, she touched her finger on a screen, and cast her vote,†¦ †, ll. 92. 3) is as important as moving events in the world`s history.The last part is emphasized by Obama because he gives rhetorical questions (â€Å"†¦, what change will they see? †, l. 97, â€Å"What progress will we have made? †, ll. 97-98) that should make the people think about what they did, what they changed and what they will change. In the last sentences Obama uses many anaphoras (â€Å" This is our†, l. 99), and repetitions (â€Å"to†, ll. 99, 100, 101, â€Å"we†, l. 102) to give the importance of his last words an d to make the readers listen to what he has to say what is important.He tries to wake the readers up and wants to give the message of of his speech across. That nobody has to be afraid to loose because if he tries he can win. In the last sentence he thanks the audience in the way if saying that God watches everyone. To say this he uses another repetition (â€Å"God†, l. 105) to make the audience clear that he really wants the best for everyone. To conclude Obama wants to make his speech understood and he wants to get his message across by using many stylistic devices and examples where he always refers to the American Dream.

The effects of Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women The WritePass Journal

The effects of Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women 1. INTRODUCTION The effects of Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women ).   This shall be considered by undertaking an empirical study into whether or not 10 micrograms of Vitamin D should be taken by women during pregnancy. 2. INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY This study shall be completed by undertaking an empirical study.   This will seek to ascertain if pregnant patients that take the recommended dosage of 10 micrograms attain the benefits, which are stated by the National Health Service (NHS, 2013).   This could help to identify if the recent research, which has been published by the University of Bristol and the University of East Anglia, is correct.   The ‘Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) which is also known as Children of the 90s is a long-term health research project.   More than 14,000 mothers enrolled during pregnancy in 1991 and 1992, and the health and development of their children has been followed in great detail ever since ‘ (ALSPAC, 2013). 3. PROBLEM STATEMENT During pregnancy, many women have been told by medical practitioners that they should take the recommended dosage of 10 micrograms of Vitamin D to ensure that their unborn chid develops strong bones and does not develop rickets (NHS, 2013).   However, results from the ALSPAC longitudinal study shows that the benefits from taking Vitamin D at the recommended dosage of 10 micrograms during pregnancy may not be so beneficial (Lawlor, Wills and Fraser, 2013).   This research seeks to ascertain if these claims are correct and whether or not the recommended dosage of Vitamin D needs to be changed for pregnant women. 4. RESEARCH AIMS AND OBJECTIVES In conjunction with the problem statement above, the following aims have been formulated: To use available and relevant data, to investigate whether the recommended dosage of 10 micrograms for pregnant women is correct To use the findings from the above aim to make recommendations for how the dosage needs to be altered for pregnant women. Additionally, the following objectives have been developed: To evaluate how a dosage of 10 micrograms of Vitamin D benefits pregnant women. To evaluate how changing the dosage of Vitamin D benefits pregnant women. To make recommendations for the appropriate dosage of Vitamin D which should be taken by pregnant women? 5. PROPOSAL STRUCTURE The proposed outline of the dissertation is described in the next section. 6.LITERATURE REVIEW To date, in the United Kingdom the National Health Service has recommended that the effects of a 10 microgram dose of vitamin D is essential to ensure that unborn children develop healthy bones. This is also supported by evidence in the existing academic literature (see as an example: Dror, 2013; Kovacs, 2008; Stephenson, 2006).   Therefore, medical practitioners have advised all pregnant women that this is how what they should take during pregnancy (Bui Christin-Maitre, 2011; NHS, 2013).   However, recent research, which was published in March 2013, has contradicted this information (ALSPAC, 2013: Lawlor, Wills and Fraser, 2013).  Ã‚   These findings need to be explored further as many other research studies have not reached these conclusions.   Therefore, to seek to ensure that the correct advice is given to women who are pregnant, it is important that this study is undertaken. 6.1. RESEARCH QUESTIONS In line with the findings from the literature review above, provisionally, the following research questions have been developed. How does a dosage of 10 micrograms of Vitamin D benefits pregnant women How does changing the dosage of Vitamin D benefit pregnant women? What is the appropriate dosage of Vitamin D, which should be taken by pregnant women? 6.2. METHODOLOGY This study shall be based on a number of patient records, which shall be chosen at random.   In examining the records, it is hoped that a comparison between these pregnant women that took a 10-microgram dosage, those that took other amounts and those that took nothing may be compared.   Form here it will be possible to seek to understand how much Vitamin D pregnant women should be taking during their pregnancy so that new recommendations may be made if necessary. 6.3. RESEARCH PHILOSOPHY The research philosophy, which has been adopted for this study is positivism.   This will allow the empirical investigation to be undertaken and it will be derived from a critical and objective based method (Sundars, 2003). 6.4. RESEARCH APPROACH The research approach, which has chosen for this study is quantitative in nature, as it will be based on a review of existing patient records and undertaking statistical analyses. This will allow the researcher to explore the problem, which was outlined above and to see if any new recommendations should be made to pregnant women. 6.5. RESEARCH STRATEGY The research strategy, which has been chosen for this study is a review of existing patient records.   Therefore, a documentation review shall be undertaken. 6.6. DATA COLLECTION The review of patient records shall be undertaken by contacting medical practitioners and patients to seek to attain permission to their records, once this has been achieved, a number of records shall be chosen at random these shall be used to collect information to investigate the research problem. 6.7. DATA ANALYSIS All analyses shall be based on the patient records, which are used during the data collection phase of this study.   Statistical tools such as, SPSS shall be utilised to undertake analyses of the results from these patient records. 6.8. ACCESS Access to this these records shall be established by contacting medical practitioners and patients, to identify patients who have been pregnant who are willing to take part in tis research. 6.9. RELIABILITY, VALIDITY, AND GENERALISABILITY The findings from this study should be reliable and repeatable, as patient records shall be chosen at random and empirically analysed.   This will ensure that the parameters of the study are net and that the results can be generalised to wider populaces. 6.10. ETHICAL ISSUES Issues such as, patient confidentiality and privacy shall be considered during the design and implementation of this research to seek to ensure that all participants’ details remain confidential and that they are all fully aware of the nature of the research and why it is being conducted. 6.11. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS As this research is based on secondary sources, the data, which is available, may limit the findings.   However, if this is the case then the parameters of the study shall be re-examined to seek to ensure that these limitations are minimised where possible. 7 CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study shall be undertaken by seeking to identify and critically evaluate a number of patient records.   This will enable the researcher to understand how much vitamin D pregnant women should take to help to ensure that their unborn child has healthy bones. Then a number of recommendations may be made where this is appropriate. 8 TIME CHART Tasks Task Lead Start End Literature Review Researcher 01/08/2013 29/01/2013 Write Up Results Researcher 29/08/2013 30/09/2013 Write Methodology Researcher 21/09/2013 21/10/2013 Contact Subjects Researcher 21/10/2013 21/01/2014 Collate Data Researcher 21/01/2014 21/10/2014 Examine Data Researcher 21/10/2014 21/12/2014 Write up results Researcher 21/12/2014 21/02/2015 Write discussion Researcher 21/02/2015 21/04/2015 Write conclusions Researcher 21/04/2015 21/08/2015 REFERENCES ALSPAC (2013). Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.   Available from bristol.ac.uk/alspac/ (Accessed 01/08/2013) Bui, T., Christin-Maitre, S. (2011, October). Vitamin D and pregnancy]. In Annales dendocrinologie (Vol. 72, p. S23). Dror, D. (2013). Vitamin D in pregnancy. In Handbook of vitamin D in human health (pp. 670-691). Wageningen Academic Publishers. Kovacs, C. S. (2008). Vitamin D in pregnancy and lactation: maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes from human and animal studies. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 88(2), 520S-528S. Lawlor DA, Wills AK, Fraser A, (2013) Association of maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy with bone-mineral content in offspring: a prospective cohort study. The Lancet. Published online March 19 2013. NHS (2013) Doubt cast on the benefit of Vitamin D during Pregnancy.   Available from nhs.uk/news/2013/03March/Pages/doubt-cast-on-benefit-of-vitamin-D-in-pregnancy.aspx Accessed (01/08/2013) NICE (2013) Vitamin D and pregnancy. Available from nice.org.uk Accessed 01/08/2013 Saunders, M. (2003) Research Methods for Business Students.   South Africa: Pearson Education. Stephenson, J. (2006). Vitamin D and Pregnancy. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 295(7), 748-748.

The Top Careers for Women in 2017

The Top Careers for Women in 2017 New year, new you. Or, if you’re anything like me, it’s more like new year, slightly-different-ish you, despite the best intentions. Either way, you get props for aspiring to change this year. One of the best ways to effect personal change is to look at your career- where it is, what your current trajectory is, and where you want to be by this time next year. If you’re doing this self-audit, we’ve got your covered on your next steps! Check out all TheJobNetwork has to offer for you to either find a career path, or continue successfully along the one you’re currently traveling.Build Your RoadmapOnce you’ve decided that you need a new job (or an entirely different career path), it’s important to know where you’re going and how to get there. Otherwise, inertia and do-it-later-itis kick in, and your progress goals just don’t get met. If you’re at a loss on how and where to get started, check out the following links to help you find your way. You’ll need a plan- don’t get started without one.5 Steps to Create Your Own Career PathHow to Create a 2017 Jobs RoadmapHow Do I Find the Right Job for Me? (A Comprehensive Guide)Think Outside the BoxWe’ve made a lot of strides, career-wise, to the point where people are not as likely to classify work as â€Å"women’s jobs† or â€Å"men’s jobs.† Still, there are plenty of areas where women haven’t started working in big numbers, even when they have the skills and experience to do the job. Nontraditional jobs are a huge source of potential for women this year, if you just look for opportunities you might not have considered before. One major example of this: trucking. Commercial driver’s licenses have no gender, yet it’s still a male dominated field, rife with opportunities for women who want to take their driving and logistical skills to the open road.How Women in the Workplace are Finding Success in Nontraditional JobsAdvice for Women Who Want to Become TruckersWomen in Trucking: By Women, For WomenWomen Needed: Consider a Career in TruckingIn 2017, there’s less reason than ever to assume that you shouldn’t even be considering a job because it seems too much like a â€Å"man’s† job or a â€Å"women’s† job. Find a field that’s growing and hiring, and go for it!It’s a Digital World, We Just Live In ItRight now, tech is the hot spot when it comes to jobs, followed closely by data analysis. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts huge growth for tech jobs over the next ten years, so it’s time to take those technical skills (or go out and learn how to code), and look to the tech sector for your next big opportunity.Top 5 Hottest Jobs with the Most Potential in 2017Top 7 Trends That Will Help You Find a Job Next YearIf your background isn’t in app development or IT, don’t worry- you can stil l get into hot tech companies through jobs like marketing management, social media management, or operations. Whatever your background and skill set, it’s time to see how you can take them and apply them to the digital-focused fields that are hiring this year.Expert Interview: How to Search for Jobs in Digital Marketing  Watch U.S. Job TrendsIt’s not just the career world that’s changing this year- there are big changes in the overall U.S. landscape as well this year. Two of the most prominent careers that will be changing this year are healthcare and manufacturing, so it’s important to stay on top of those trends.3 Hot Industries to Watch in Trump’s AmericaWhether you agree with the changes or not, you can focus how you can benefit from hiring booms and shifts in conventional wisdom. Always know what’s going on in either your industry, or an industry you’re looking to break into.  Find the Right Work-Life BalanceIf you want your career to balance better with other obligations this year, like family, think about looking for part-time or flexible work so that you can tailor your schedule to your own needs. More and more, flex work is finding a place in many people’s lives, and companies know they have to tinker their offerings to find and keep the top  people. Gone are the days where the best and brightest must put in 60-hour weeks to show their worth. You can find and build a career while maintaining a non-work life, as well.Top 4 Part-Time Jobs for Moms10 Jobs Where You Can Telecommute and Make a Great SalaryTop 12 High Paying Part-Time Jobs With Good Work-Life Balance10 Companies with Amazing Benefits for Part-Time EmployeesAs companies look for ways to save overhead costs, working remotely could be one of the prime areas of opportunity in 2017.  You Don’t Always Need a DegreeIf you don’t have a degree from a four-year college, you still have tons of jobs available to you. Never co unt yourself out- more an more, companies are valuing actual skills and work experience. The actual degree is not the first thing they look for anymore when making hiring decisions. If you present yourself as savvy, with great people skills and a willingness to learn (either on the job, or in continuing ed classes), you can absolutely be a competitive candidate for many jobs.Top 5 Jobs in 2017 That Don’t Require a College DegreeDo Good, Earn WellFinally, if you’re interested in a career where you can benefit others, there are growing opportunities to do that in the nonprofit sector.10 High-Paying Jobs Where You Can Help PeopleNo matter what you’re interested in doing, 2017 has amazing potential. If you keep your eyes open to opportunities around you, by this time next year, you could be reflecting on how much your professional landscape has changed in such a short time. Good luck!

Management of Human Resources (MBA) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management of Human Resources (MBA) - Essay Example Building rentals accounted for 1.8% of sales in the late 1970's. This was the lowest level for major discounters. Additional building rentals of Wal-Mart took it up by only 0.1%. Wal-Mart was able to keep it's cost of goods as low as possible. It had a centralized purchasing network, and therefore purchased in bulk. It also had distribution centers and a good distribution network that ensured it's stores always had a consistent supply of stock. These steps further reduced cost greatly. Wal-Mart had Goodwill in cities where it was established because of their promotional strategy which was tailored by it's philosophy of "Everyday low prices". It had a high sales turnover and spent just 1.1% of it's net sales in the second half of the 1970's. Costs were greatly reduced here too. Wal-Mart undertook capital investments to improve labor productivity. Salaries and wage expense had declined to 10.1% of sales by 1985. This reduced cost, however employee incentives, like profit sharing were enabled to ensure employee satisfaction. Their employees put in their best to satisfy Wal-Mart customers in return. Cost is minimized as much as possible, allowing for continuous reduction in prices of commodities. The reduction in prices led to increased sales and a high rate of turnover, hence increased profits and more operating income for expansion and performance. How does Wal-Mart have superior profitability Exhibit 2 (page 10) is a financial performance that compares Wal-Mart's performance with that of it's competitors from 1974 to1984 in (%) 2. Wal-Mart has superior profitability because of the high percentage of sales. It was very competitive in terms of prices, Wal-Mart was able to sell at very low prices governed by it's philosophy of "Everyday low prices". It ran a lot of promotional sales and was able to balance this with a low cost profile. Increased sales brought in more profit, Wal-Mart had the highest return on equity of 33.0%, sales growth of 40.3% and earnings per share growth of 38.8%. How do Wal-Mart's retail prices compare to those of it's competitors Wal-Mart was very competitive in terms of prices. The store managers had the liberty to set prices as compared to their counterparts that didn't have. This latitude in price setting enabled prices to be set uniquely to a particular location, while having the overall objective of the organization in mind. In a comparism by Sachs in late 1983 and early 1983 on a location

Lafarge Financial Statements Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Lafarge Financial Statements - Case Study Example The trend analysis of Lafarge's P&L statement shows that the increase in company's sales has been stable over the years with a hike in sales by about 17% in 2005. The cost of sales has also been rising with the increase in sales and they have finally mounted by about 17% during the last financial year. It reflects that the percentage change in sales is almost same as the percentage change in cost of sales, however a reduction in depreciation account by 4.1% has magnified the company's gross profit by 22% in 2005. The SG&A have expanded drastically during the year 2005 i.e., by 13% (1.2% in 2004). However, due to a substantial increase in gross profit, the company managed to display a rise in the operating income by about 32%. The company has had a substantial decline in the interest payable for two years, however it seems to have rebuilt during 2005. The company's pre-tax income had declined by almost 3% in 2004, which recovered surprisingly with an increase of 36% in 2005 as compare d to the year 2003. With a 50% increase in net income, the company's retained earnings has flourished by 54% while the dividend distributed have increased by 41%. Thus, an analysis of profit and loss suggests that the company has risen up from the decline that took place in its financial performance in 2004. Three-Year Earning Per Share Analysis EPS 2005 2004 2003 Earning Per Share 6.39 5.16 4.92 "Common shareholders and potential investors in common stock first look at a company's earning record" (Meigs & Meigs, p934, 1993). The EPS analysis of Lafarge's financial statements reflects that the company has had an increasing trend in the earnings per share for the last three years. The company's EPS increased by 4.8% in the year 2004, which further rose by almost 24% in 2005. This sudden enhancement of the company's earnings has also been evident in its P&L statement, which highlights a pleasant reform in the company's financial performance in the year 2005 owing to a drastic increase in sales revenue. EBITDA Analysis EBITDA 2005 2004 2003 Lafarge Group 14.8% 14.7% 14.2% Cement 23.3% 23.0% 23.0% Aggregates & Concrete 7.4% 7.1% 6.3% Gypsum Products 10.3% 9.6% 7.0% Roofing 6.5% 10.0% 9.4% Speciality products -285.7% -128.3% -38.7% EBITDA refers to the Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation and Amortization. Therefore this analysis takes into account all the major costs and expenses other than the items mentioned above. The EBITDA margins presented in the above graph reflect a segregated view of the company's earnings in terms of the group as a whole and its subsidiaries (on the basis of products). The group's EBITDA margin represents a stable and subtle rise in the company's earnings, which is a sum up of its subsidiaries. Cement and A&C are also having a stable uplift in earnings, while Gypsum products section is showing a remarkable growth in terms of EBITDA. Roofing's earnings have declined in the year 2005 whereas the specialty products section has had a substantial increase in the declining state of earnings, which

Dominican Republic Sports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Dominican Republic Sports - Essay Example Based on the recognized significance of the study of sports in a nation, a certain view of the nation can be achieved. Such objective is aimed to be achieved in the study to recognize and gain a substantial knowledge on the characteristics of countries in the Caribbean. The Dominican Republic is the main focus of the study, along with the famous sports in the country and the significance of the said activities in the history and the culture of the country as well. The Dominican Republic is one of the island countries found in the Caribbean region. Due to the geographical characteristic of the said country, it is famous for water activities and sports. To be able to determine and recognize the main characteristic of the nation and the people there are different factors that can be considered. Included in these factors are the sports that can be considered as famous in the country (Brown 1999) Sports are recognized as one of the facets that can describe a nation due to the fact that it can be related to the different aspects of the society. These factors that are considered essential are the physical aspects such as the geography, the people and the history of the country. Sports can be considered wrapped up in every stage of the nation's history, is related to the geographic characteristics of the country and even the attitudes and customs of the people (Mccomb 2004). The Dominican Republic is composed of a variety of sports. This can be attributed to the fact that the country is also reach in the different forms of geographical forms ranging form the highlands towards the different form of water bodies. The sports that are famous in this island country can also be related to the locations such as the land and the water sports (Brown 1999). Sports Played in the Dominican Republic Being accepted as one of the main categories in the determination of the characteristics of the nation, the sports being played by the nation can be identified along with arts and culture. The Dominican Republic can be described as one of the nations in the Caribbean that can attract visitors on the basis of the different attractions. One of these attractions is relation to the sports in the country (Ministry of Tourism 2006). The particular Caribbean nation is known due to the variety of sports that can be played in its territory. These types of sports can be categorized on the basis of the location where the particular sports can be played. These sports played in the Dominican Republic can either be water or land sports. A. Water Sports Water sports are played in the Dominican Republic such as windsurfing and jet skiing due to the combined scenery and the fact that the island is wrapped around with water bodies. Sailing and boat tours can also be added to the list of the water sports available in the country. Other sea sports and recreations can also be considered such as scuba diving and deep sea fishing (Ministry of Tourism 2006). 1. Snorkeling and Deep Sea Diving The said sports can be considered as one of the most famous sports in the country being an island. Ecotourism is one of the weapons that can attract tourist in the country. There are many sites that are known for

Improving Child Observation Journals

Improving Child Observation Journals Master of Education: Reading and Literacy Abstract The purpose of this study is to describe the effect that providing journal and case study paper examples, more time to observe in the child care center and the use of different teaching methods will have on the improvement of observation journals and case study papers. This action research involved Child Development classes at Deerfield High School during the fall 2008 school year. Students struggle with completing weekly observations and case studies. This paper will share the findings of research that was done to assist students. If students have a better understanding of the observations and case studies, are provided with examples and are given more time to observe, the desired outcome is that their observation journals and case study papers will improve. Introduction Background of Problem I am a Family and Consumer Sciences teacher at Deerfield High School in Deerfield, Illinois. Deerfield is a northern suburb of Chicago and the high school has approximately 1,800 students. I have been teaching at Deerfield High School for four years. While I have been at this high school, I have taught Child Development Preschool Lab, Consumer Economics, Freshman Advisory and Contemporary Living. Family and Consumer Science classes were formerly referred to as Home Economics which involved becoming a knowledgeable homemaker. In Child Development classes, proper parenting techniques were emphasized. Now that Home Economics has evolved into Family and Consumer Sciences, there is an emphasis on preparing students to become well-informed parents as well as preparing them to become educated professionals who may work with children in their careers and their personal lives. Last year I taught two sections of Child Development Preschool Lab, which is the focus of my action research project. My first period class had 11 female 10th-12th grade students and my second period class had 14 female 10th-12th grade students. Every week in Child Development Preschool Lab, my high school students, referred to as the high school friends, plan and teach lessons to two to five year old children in the on-site child care center, Deer Park Teaching and Learning Center (DPTLC). The students also observe these preschoolers, referred to as Deer Park friends, every week while they are in the child care center. The students typically really enjoy the class; however, they struggle the most with observing the children and creating their observation journals and semester case study papers. Through the use of their journal entries, the high school friends analyze and evaluate one specific Deer Park friend’s physical, intellectual, emotional and social development and write a case study paper to determine how a specific child is developing for their age. As a Family and Consumer Sciences teacher, I believe it is essential for high school students to be able to communicate what they observe or see through detailed written form. Specifically, in Child Development Preschool Lab, this information should later be used to make conclusions about how a preschool aged child is developing physically, intellectually, emotionally and socially. Providing students with life long observation, analytical and written communication skills to be used in their future will benefit the student learner. Rationale for my Research The focus of this research study will be helping my students improve their observation journals and case study papers during first semester. Observing, journaling and the semester case study paper are what students struggle with the most all year in this class. It causes frustration and anxiety for the high school students and me. I often find myself wondering how I can make this a more pleasant learning experience for everyone involved (high school friends, Deer Park friends and me.) In each observation journal, the high school friends are required to record six different observations every week. Each observation should include a factual description of what they see, an educated opinion of how the child is developing, and an assessment of the child’s developmental rate for their age. The students go into the DPTLC on-site child care center to observe children ages two to five years old. After approximately one month of observing a variety of Deer Park friends, high school friends are assigned a specific child to observe for the remainder of the semester. Students are given 20-25 minutes of class time every week to observe in the child care center to collect their observations. The journal entries collected over the semester are used to assess one Deer Park friend’s developmental rate in the four areas of development. The journal entries act as evidence to support how the high school friend rates the Deer Park friend’s development in the case study paper. Observing and journaling are taught in two class periods. I spend about 40 minutes initially teaching this assignment the first time. I spend approximately 20 minutes reviewing it the second time a few days later. Observing and journaling are taught during a lecture while students take notes. I provide one or two examples of journal entries on the board and we discuss this as a class. Chapter notes, developmental milestone handouts and the textbook appendix are shown to students as a resource to use when they are assessing how the Deer Park friend is developing for their age. Feedback is provided to students on their observation journal entry assignments on a bi-weekly basis. I provide comments on their journals and return them to the students within two days of them turning them in. I will occasionally have a one-on-one meeting with students who really struggle with the assignment. The evidence that supports students struggle with observing, journaling and writing their case study papers includes my observation that students are confused and frustrated with this assignment year after year, low scores on journal assignments, students not completing journal assignments and students struggling with the semester case study paper. Intervention Planned to Implement Through my experiences teaching observing and journaling in Child Development Preschool Lab for the past four years, I believe that students struggle with observation journals and their case study papers because they are not given enough time in the child care center to collect sufficient observations. This causes students to feel rushed which increases frustration and anxiety. Additionally, more time should be spent and different teaching methods should be used when teaching observing, journaling and the case study paper. Finally, student work may improve if excellent examples of observation journals and case study papers were given to students. Focus Statement The purpose of this study is to describe the effect that providing journal and case study paper examples, more time to observe in the child care center and the use of different teaching methods will have on the improvement of observation journals and case study papers. Research Questions Therefore, my research question is: What are the benefits of providing Child Development Preschool Lab high school students with journal and case study paper examples, more time to observe in the child care center and the use of different teaching methods among students to improve observation journals and case study papers in Child Development Preschool Lab during the fall semester? The questions that I will be exploring include: How will giving more time to observe in the child care center impact the high school students journals and case study papers? What teaching methods should I use to teach observing and journaling? Will spending more time on teaching observing and journaling improve student work? How will providing excellent examples of observation journals and case study papers impact student work? Will student anxiety and frustration levels decrease if more observation time is given? Key Terms High School Friends High school students in the Child Development class who work with the preschoolers in the child care center. Child Development Preschool Lab An Applied Arts course that incorporates Child Development curriculum along with a practical lab experience where high school students work with preschoolers in a child care center. Deer Park Friends Twoto five year old preschool children that attend the Deerfield High School on sitechild care center. Case Study Papers The Child Development Preschool Lab first semester final project where students analyze one preschooler’s rate of development for their age. Observation Journals Weekly observations that high school students make about the preschoolers when they are in the child care center interacting with the children. Deer Park Teaching and Learning Center (DPTLC) The name of the Deerfield High School on site child care center where two to five year olds come for child care. Four Areas of Development Intellectual, social, emotional, physical are the four areas in which children develop. Literature Review Students learn in many ways and it is essential that educators meet different student needs by implementing a variety of teaching strategies. Sometimes this involves class discussions, providing examples to guide students, modeling a concept, or encouraging students to learn through hands-on learning experiences. Many high school teachers have said that students respond well when they are motivated to learn and when they are actively engaged in the lesson. Benefits of Observing Preschoolers Observing preschoolers is essential for students who are working with young children. The information that is learned through seeing what a young child can do first hand is critical in helping a high school student assess how a child is developing. These observations also act as a credible source to support their evaluation of the preschooler’s developmental rate and provide specific examples to the parents in the high school student’s case study paper. Through observation, teachers are able to gather valuable information about the preschoolers that may help them in planning and preparing developmentally appropriate lessons (Barbakoff Yo, 2002). Barbakoff Yo suggest that teachers use a running record or a checklist to record their observations of a child. Providing teachers with adequate time to collect and record observations of the preschoolers interacting with one another is â€Å"time and energy well spent† (Barbakoff Yo, 22). Perhaps allowing students to spend more time observing the children in the child care center will increase their understanding of how children develop. This may lead to more creative lesson plans and more thorough journals and case study papers. Teaching Methods and Student Motivation Research has also shown that several teaching methods have been proven to be more effective than others when motivating students to learn. Lam Law (2007) examined the relationship between how the use of teaching writing strategies and motivating students affects student writing performance. Students should be challenged and need to understand the importance of the writing assignment they are expected to complete (Lam Law). According to Lam Law, the writing assignment must be related to something they can connect with in their past, present or future. Student writing also improves when students are curious about the topic they are writing about and when they are provided with feedback (Lam Law). Lam Law support the idea that when students are motivated and understand â€Å"why† they are completing an assignment they are more likely to grasp the idea being taught and are more successful. Writing Strategies: A Four Step Process Collins Collins (1996) have identified a four step process that educators find useful when teaching students to write. These writing strategies include; â€Å"identifying a strategy to teach, introducing the strategy by modeling it, allowing students to use it and helping students work toward independent mastery through repetition and practice† (Collins Collins). Although modeling and practicing new concepts is beneficial, some students are not able to grasp the content being taught through this strategy (Collins Collins). Collins Collins have found that some students learn best through the use of concrete visual examples. When teaching students a new idea, educators may find it useful to consider what excites and motivates students to learn and what teaching methods address all student needs. Providing Examples to Students Providing students with excellent examples to guide them in their work is a teaching strategy that has been found to be useful for students. In the article, â€Å"Students’ Perceptions of Teaching and Learning: The Influence of Students’ Approaches to Learning and Teachers’ Approaches to Teaching, a ninth grade student who was interviewed said,† â€Å"the best way of learning is definitely hands on, trying it yourself, I think that is a very good way. And seeing examples of what you’re doing† (Campbell, Smith, Boulton-Lewis, Brownlee, Burnett Carrington, 2001). Additionally, Day Elksnin (1994) discovered that the concept being taught should be described, modeled, discussed (talked through aloud) and practiced by the students. Students may be involved in this process from the very beginning by asking them what they struggle with most and what they think may help (Day Elksnin). Providing feedback to the students is also effective when students are struggling (Day Elksnin). Day Elksnin’s research supports the idea that presenting students with examples and models of previous work will assist them in the understanding of the assignment which will lead to improved grades. How Students Learn Best Many students have been interviewed and surveyed on how they learn best. They have become a valuable resource when evaluating how different teaching strategies impact their feelings while they are in the class and their success rate on assignments. Campbell, Smith, Boulton-Lewis, Brownlee, Burnett Carrington (2001) found that when interviewed, both students who have a deep approach to learning and students who have a surface approach to learning, felt that when being exposed to new concepts, they learned more when they were in a caring, supportive environment and when they were actively engaged in the lessons being taught. However, when the class was teacher focused and when students were lectured to, both types of students became surface learners and were not as engaged (Campbell et al.). Their perceptions of the class were negative compared to the hands-on, active classes that built the students self-esteem (Campbell et al.). This can be related to students’ anxiety and frustration levels when learning. If students feel they are in a supportive, caring environment that provides hands-on learning experiences, they will approach learning in a deeper way. Child Development students experience hands-on learning on a weekly basis when they are in the child care center teaching and observing the preschool children. As educators, it is vital that we consider the different needs of our students when teaching a new concept. Our students may be some of our best resources when evaluating the teaching methods we use. Teachers should consider the methods used to teach the lesson, the time period given to teach the new concept, and the amount of frustration or excitement the teaching strategy or assignment brings to students. Data Collection Methodology In this study, which focuses on describing the effect that providing journal and case study paper examples, more time to observe in the child care center and the use of different teaching methods will have on the improvement of observation journals and case study papers, I will primarily be using qualitative data. The form of qualitative research method I plan to use is ethnography. Ethnography is fitting to my research due to the fact that I will be observing my students when they are working in there every day surroundings (Glanz, 2003). I also found ethnography to be appropriate for my research because I will use observations as a main source of my data collection (Glanz, 2003). The research method I am using is not a case study because I am collecting data that I will interpret and focus on a group rather than an individual (Glanz, 2003). The research questions that guide my data collection are: How will giving more time to observe in the child care center impact the high school students’ journals and case study papers? What teaching methods should I use to teach observing and journaling? Will spending more time on teaching observing and journaling improve student work? How will providing excellent examples of observation journals and case study papers impact student work? Will student anxiety and frustration levels decrease if more observation time is given? (See Appendix A) When collecting my data, I am interested in comparing my perceptions of what students struggle with when observing, journaling and writing their case study papers to the students’ perceptions of what they struggle with when observing, journaling and writing their case study papers. The data will be collected during the first semester of the 2008-2009 school year. The data I will collect will primarily be qualitative which will include my own observations, colleague interviews and collection of student work. I value how my students are feeling about the projects assigned in my class so I will ask for input from the students as well. This data will be provided through a student focus group and student surveys at the beginning and end of the semester. All of the data collected will assist me in answering the questions I am exploring in this action research project. Colleague Interviews There are three teaching professionals I interviewed before the high school students began observing in the child care center. The Deer Park Teaching and Learning child care center Director, another Child Development teacher and an English teacher were asked for input on my topic. When interviewing the child care center Director (See Appendix B) and the Child Development teacher (See Appendix C), I investigated the time spent on teaching journaling and observing and the teaching methods they felt were beneficial to the students. I also wanted to understand their perceptions on how they feel providing students with example journals and case study papers impacts the students understanding of the assignment. Through these interviews, a qualitative research method, I was able to understand the teachers’ views on providing students with more time in the child care center to observe. When interviewing the English teacher (See Appendix D), I focused on strategies used by this teacher to improve students writing. It was also beneficial to find out what students in English class struggle with most when they are writing and what the teacher does to address these struggles. I am hoping to apply this information to my class to assist my students when they are writing their case study papers. I asked both the English teacher and the Child Development teacher what type of presentation methods students struggle with and what type of presentation methods get students excited about learning. Student Focus Group At the beginning of the semester, I will hold a class discussion regarding the amount of time given to observe in the child care center (See Appendix E). During this class focus group, a qualitative research method, I intend to also get feedback from the students regarding their views on how providing example observation journals will impact their understanding of the observation journal writing process. What I have found in the past is that students have a pretty good gage on what they need to be successful so asking students what their needs are at the beginning of the semester is important. Student Survey – Questionnaire Two surveys (See Appendix F) were created to request information from students in the two Child Development classes I teach. The intentions of the surveys, a qualitative research method, were to ask the students for their input to address the following questions: How will providing more time for you to observe in the child care center impact your observation journals and case study papers? What teaching methods do you benefit from most when learning about observing, journaling and writing your case study papers? Will spending more time on teaching observing and journaling improve your journals and papers? How will providing excellent examples of observation journals and case study papers impact affect your understanding of the assignment and your work? Will your anxiety and frustration levels decrease if more observation time in given? The questionnaire will be implemented at the beginning of the semester, before they observe, and at the end of the semester, after their papers are wr itten, to gain a better understanding of the students’ viewpoint on this assignment. Collecting Artifacts Another qualitative research method I plan to use is to sporadically collect the students’ observation journal entries throughout the entire semester. My intention is to analyze the improvement of the students’ work as the semester goes along. I will collect the journals after the first time they observe when more time is given in the child care center, more time is spent on teaching observing and journaling and examples are provided to the students. I will compare this to the observations I have made in regards to student work from previous years. Collecting these artifacts throughout the semester will allow me to evaluate the students’ understanding of observing and journaling as they progress through the semester. It will also provide me the opportunity to give the students feedback so the students will feel guided in this process. At the end of the semester, I will collect the final case study papers and the scores on the journals and papers, which is a quantitative data collection method. This will allow me to analyze student progress throughout the semester. The case study papers will also provide me with an idea of each student’s overall understanding of observing and how they are able to relate the information they have gathered through their observations to how a child is developing. Observation and Field Notes While students are using the example observation journals to guide their own journal writing, I will observe and note, qualitatively, the ease at which students do this. I will also note how often the students refer to their examples as the semester progresses. Throughout the semester, during the first ten minutes of class and the last ten minutes of class, I will observe and make notes on the students’ frustration levels related to observing. The beginning and end of class is a time when students talk to each other about a variety of things they are dealing with at the time. This will be an ideal time for me to step back and listen to their discussions between one another in regards to observing, journaling and writing their papers. Timeline for Collecting Data: Time of Year Data Collection Source Data Collection Source Data Collection Source Data Collection Source Before Semester Begins 3 Colleague Interviews Beginning of Semester Student Focus Groups Collect Artifacts – Observations Journals Scores Student Survey – Questionnaire Observation Field Notes Middle of Semester Collect Artifacts – Observations Journals Scores Observation Field Notes End of Semester Collect Artifacts – Observations Journals Scores Student Survey – Questionnaire Observation Field Notes Data Analysis Qualitative Data During my data collection I will obtain data through colleague interviews, student focus groups, student surveys, observations, and artifacts. After my data is collected I will organize the data (Glanz, 2003). In order to organize my data I will read and reread the data to allow myself the ability to distinguish any patterns that are important (Glanz, 2003). Themes that I am prepared to find through my data collection is that students will benefit from examples that are provided. After analyzing my observations, students surveys, and student focus group notes I predict I will find students will be relieved to have examples of the paper. I find that with provided examples students enjoyment of the project will be much more positive. To analyze my data I will group student in three categories: students that view examples as helpful, students that view examples as no help, and students that view examples as hurting their understanding. I will collect my data and then put each student in one of the three categories in which they fit. After I collect data I will need to code the data and find any themes or patterns that arise (Mills, 2007). Quantitative Data The quantitative data that I am collecting in my research is the student’s case study paper scores. I will use the scores to compare if student did better this year than from previous years. I will compare student’s papers to papers from the past two years. I will need to also review students overall scores throughout the year to be sure that the students did better because of the examples provided and my teaching methods but not because of the student’s natural ability. Call for Action and Predictions Affected Population The findings of this study will provide valuable information to high school teachers who have students who struggle with or are frustrated by the writing process. English teachers typically are responsible for teaching students the writing process and allowing them to practice that skill in their class. However, writing may be reinforced in all subject areas. The more practice students have with writing, the more likely they will be successful, especially if they are motivated and are writing about something they can connect with or enjoy. Both types of students, students who struggle with writing and those who do not, may benefit from the research found in this study. I predict that providing examples to students and modeling writing strategies, will allow students to gain a better understanding of the observation journal and case study paper assignments. If students are able to visually see clear examples of what is expected in their writing, they are more likely to succeed and become less frustrated. Specifically, the students who will benefit from this study the most are my current students and future students because I will alter my teaching methods to include examples of previous student work. My colleague’s, Susan Johnson, students will also benefit if she decides to implement similar strategies when teaching observing and journaling. Importance of ResearchOnce this data is collected and analyzed, it will provide me with the information I need to make changes to the way I teach observing and journaling. At this time, students are very frustrated with observing and writing their papers and I believe the data that I will collect may provide some insight into â€Å"what† specifically students are struggling with and â€Å"why† they have such a hard time with these assignments. I believe if I can find what is frustrating to students I can help students focus on the importance of the project rather than the difficulty. The data will also allow me to ask other educational professionals and students their opinions on this issue so I can gain multiple perspectives. Hopefully, this will allow me to implement change in my teaching methods, the assignment and the students learning experience. Hypothesis and Future Outcomes Although I have not collected any data at this time, I expect student frustration levels to decrease and the quality of student work to increase if students are provided more time in the child care center to observe. I anticipate students would not feel as rushed and may be able to gather more thorough descriptions of what they see if they could spend the entire period in the center rather than half of the period. More time in the center may also provide students with an enhanced learning experience because they might be more likely to interact with the preschoolers and become more engaged in what they are observing. Student’s engagement in observing may motivate them while they are completing their observation journals and writing their case study papers because they will have more experiences with the children to refer to. I foresee the students’ understanding of observing and journaling to improve if more time was spent on teaching these concepts and if a variety of engaging teaching methods were used. It can be frustrating for students when they are not given enough time to learn a new concept. Allowing students time to practice and discuss examples of observing in groups, partners and individually before going into the child care center, will enable students to become more comfortable with the observation process. Many students get excited about learning new ideas when they are learning through hands on experiences and working with other students. When I am teaching observing and journaling, I will try to provide students more opportunities to do this before expecting them to go into the child care center to observe on their own. I feel this will help motivate students about the observation and case study project.Finally, I anticipate that providing students with examples of observation journals and case study papers will assist them in their understanding of the assignment.