Holmes’ character Essay

By completing some further research on the Internet, I ascertained that Holmes’ character was actually modelled on the mentor of Doyle, Dr Joseph Bell:  Doyle admired the work of Dr. Bell who utilized observation and logic in the medical field. Doyle decided to mimic the methods of Dr. Bell when he developed his fictional detective. Doyle was always adamant that Holmes was indeed, based on Dr. Bell. The readers of the stories would have been aware of this, allowing them to relate to the story. Another method that Doyle uses to allow the reader to relate to the characters is by using a narrator, Watson. His hugely biased view tells of Holmes’ brilliance, and at the same time allows an insight into the mind of the hero, and with it the attitudes of the people at that time. For this reason, Watson is used cunningly to reflect the era. In stark contrast to Holmes’ debonair attitude, Reseck is much more down-to-earth, and works by very different methods. He is not an intellectual, but works impulsively, as did many people at that time. He works quietly in the background, and is an introvert loner. He works alone, (without a sidekick, unlike Holmes) and he â€Å"always knew if anybody was close to him†. The distance he keeps to his own family, especially Al, his brother, shows this wish for solitude. This attitude is the opposite of the eccentric Holmes who can always be seen and heard. These differing attitudes significantly reflect the eras; the confidence of Victorian England versus the seclusion of Prohibition U.S.A. Chandler reflects this isolation by using derisive adverbs to describe Reseck, such as mockingly and gravely. As mentioned above, Holmes appears to be flawless. In contrast, Reseck is shown to be human and fallible by the elk’s tooth that he relies upon for good luck. Despite thi s, he is not inferior to Holmes, but is the result of a very grave time. Chandler does not describe Reseck as an attractive man. He says Reseck is:  Short, pale, and paunchy middle-aged man  The reason for this is that readers from that time could not relate to a flawless, attractive man. Chandler has used an ugly character to achieve this. In addition, Reseck’s sleight-of-hand shows the need for being alert in an opportunist time. Al, Tony’s brother, sums Reseck up when he says:  You take it slow  In summary, the characters are greatly different. Where Holmes is elegant, handsome and arrogant, Reseck is paunchy, quiet and thoughtful in his actions. When further analysing the characters, much can be achieved by comparing them to their arch-villain. This will help in analysing the two eras. Holmes’ arch villain is Dr Grimesby-Roylott. The two men are greatly different, with Holmes plotting his brains against Grimesby-Roylott’s brawn. The two confront each other only once, with Holmes naturally coming out on top. This was when Grimesby-Roylott challenged Holmes in his Baker Street office. Holmes is undaunted by his enemy’s aggressive attitude, and shows utter contempt to his threats. This is demonstrated when he ridicules the aggressive Grimesby-Roylott:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What has she been saying to you?† screamed the old man furiously.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"But I have heard that the crocuses promise well,† continued my companion imperturbably. Grimesby-Roylott then attempts to use his strength to scare the composed Holmes. He bends a poker then hurls it into the fire. Holmes, unconcerned, then picks the poker up and unbends it with ease: â€Å"I might have shown him that my grip was not much more feeble than his own.† This reinforces the idea of Holmes’ superiority over everyone else. This symbolism is a precursor to the end of the tale, and the reader knows that Holmes will eventually prevail over his enemy.  In I’ll be Waiting, there is no arch villain, hinting at the corruptness of the times. However, when Reseck meets with another character, Al, he is insulted, and in the end is seen to be inferior. Al calls Tony his â€Å"little fat brother†, which is obviously derogatory. Reseck does not have the same superiority over others as Holmes, which shows how different the times and self-esteem of the characters are. As well as the heroes that are portrayed in the stories, the language and accents that are used also depict the eras. In Holmes’ Baker Street location, he speaks in very proper English, again trying to reinforce his superiority. He is suave and soothing, speaking in a cultured accent, especially when talking to Helen Stoner. He uses archaic language, such as ‘pray’, and never abbreviates his words. All sentences are grammatically correct, and often contain archaic clauses. An example of this is:  And now, Watson, this is too serious for dawdling, especially as the old man is aware that we are interesting ourselves in his affairs; so if you are ready, we shall call a cab and drive to Waterloo. Reseck, in contrast, speaks in argot, slick language. There are many slang words and phrases that he uses. Examples of this are:  The guy stopped the big one. Cold.  And  Talk it up copper. My mind reader just quit.  Other cynical wisecracks show the alertness and the need for being streetwise in such an opportunist time. His accent is also colloquial, showing the lower class of people he deals with, compared to Holmes’ London. The settings of these stories show where the interest of the people lay, and can give an insight into life at that time. Location also plays an important role in reflecting the times. The Speckled Band is set in bachelor rooms in Baker Street London, a very affluent area of West London. This shows the prosperity and superiority of Holmes, and with it his success in life. The second part of the story in set in an English country mansion, again an affluent location. The admiration that the Victorian people had for the rich and successful in life, envying them greatly is demonstrated by this. In contrast, I’ll be Waiting is set in a seedy and dangerous world, in a crime-ridden inner city, controlled by gangs running the illegal alcohol trade. An example of this is the ‘Trouble Boys’ who are stereotypical gang-members of that time. They use colloquial language and the way that they turn their collars up and hide in the shadows indicate to the reader that they are clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½d criminals. Reseck works in a hotel called the Windermere Hotel, another undesirable location. I’ll be Waiting appeals to 1940’s readers, as they had more interest in the reality of life, rather than on the lives of the rich aristocracy.

Probability Theory and Mathematical Systems Probability

Mathematical Systems Probability Solutions by Bracket A First Course in Probability Chapter 4—Problems 4. Five men and 5 women are ranked according to their scores on an examination. Assume that no two scores are alike and all 10! possible rankings are equally likely. Let X denote the highest ranking achieved by a woman (for instance, X = 1 if the top-ranked person is female). Find P X = i , i = 1, 2, 3, . . . , 8, 9, 10. Let Ei be the event that the the ith scorer is female. Then the event X = i correspdonds to the cc event E1 E2  ·  ·  · Ei . It follows that ccP X = i = P (E1 E2  ·  ·  · Ei ) . c c c c c = P (E1 )P (E2 |E1 )  ·  ·  · P (Ei |E1  ·  ·  · Ei? 1 ) Thus we have P X=i i 1/ 1 2 5/ 2 18 5/ 3 36 5/ 4 84 5/ 5 252 1/ 6 252 0. 7, 8, 9, 10 12. In the game of Two-Finger Morra, 2 players show 1 or 2 ? ngers and simultaneously guess the number of ? ngers their opponent will show. If only one of the players guesses correctly, he wins an amount (in dol lars) equal to the sum of the ? ngers shown by him and his opponent. If both players guess correctly or if neither players guess correctly, then no money is exchanged. Consider a speci? d player and denote by X the amount of money he wins in a single game of Two-Finger Morra. a. If each player acts independently of the other, and if each player makes his choice of the number of ? ngers he will hold up and the number he will guess that his opponent will hold up in such a way that each of the 4 possibilities is equally likely, what are the possible values of X and what are their associated probabilities? A given player can only win 0,  ±2,  ±3, or  ±4 dollars. Consider two players A and B , and let X denote player A’s winnings. Let Aij denote the event that player A shows i ? gers and guesses j , and de? ne Bij similarly for player B. 1 We have P X = 2 = P (A11 B12 ) = P (A11 )P (B12 ) = 1  · 1 = 16 , since we have assumed that 44 1 Aij and Bij are independent and that P (Aij ) = P (Bij ) = 4 . Similarly, we have P X = 3 = 1 1 1 P (A12 B22 ? A21 B11 ) = 16 + 16 = 1 and P X = 4 = P (A22 B21 ) = 16 . Note that the situation 8 1 is completely symmetric for player B, so the we have P X = ? 2 = P X = ? 4 = 16 and 1 P X = ? 3 = 1 . Finally, we have P X = 0 = 1 ? P X = 0 = 1 ? 1 = 2 . 8 2 b. Suppose that each player acts independently of the other.If each player decides to hold up the same number of ? ngers that he guesses his opponent will hold up, and if each player is equally likely to hold up 1 or 2 ? ngers, what are the possible values of X and their associated probabilities? Neither player can win any money in this scenario. If player A shows 1 ? nger and guesses B will show 1 ? nger, then A can only win if B shows 1 ? nger. But if B shows 1 ? nger, then B will guess that A will show 1 ? nger, and thus neither player will win. The same holds for when A shows 2 ? ngers and guesses that B will show 2 ? ngers. Thus, we have P X = 0 = 1. Mathematical S ystems Probability 20. A gambling book recommends the following â€Å"winning strategy† for the game of roulette. It recommends 18 that the gambler bet $1 on red. If red appears (which has probability 38 ), then the gambler should take her $1 pro? t and quit. If the gambler loses this bet (which has probability 20 of occurring), she should 38 make additional $1 bets on red on each of the next two spins of the roulette wheel and then quit. Let X denote the gambler’s winnings when she quits. a. Find P X > 0 . Note that X only takes on the values ? 3, ? 1, and 1. Thus P X>0 =P X=1 P (she wins immediately or she loses and then wins the next two) = P (she wins immediately) + P (she loses and then wins the next two) 18 20 18 18 = +  ·  · ? . 592 38 38 38 38 b. Are you convinced that the winning strategy is indeed a â€Å"winning† strategy? Explain your answer! The expected value of X is negative (? ?. 108), which is accounted for by the fact that although the gamb ler has a high probability of winning $1, she could also lose $3, and the probability of this occuring is not low enough to make the game worth playing in the long run. 21. A total of 4 buses carrying 148 students form the same school arrives at a football stadium.The buses carry, respectively, 40, 33, 25, and 50 students. One of the students is randomly selected. Let X denote the number of students that were on the bus carrying this randomly selected student. One of the 4 bus drivers is also randomly selected. Let Y denote the number of students on her bus. a. Which of E [X ] or E [Y ] do you think is bigger? Why? We should expect E [X ] to be larger since it’s the per-student average rather than the per-bus average, just as the per-student average class size was larger than the per-class average class size (from the example in class). b.Compute E [X ] and E [Y ]. We have 33 40 50 25  · 25 +  · 33 +  · 40 +  · 50 ? 39. 28 148 148 148 148 1 1 1 1 E [Y ] =  · 25 +  · 33 +  · 40 +  · 50 = 37 4 4 4 4 E [X ] = 27. An insurance company writes a policy to the e? ect that an amount of money A must be paid if some event E occurs within a year. If the company estimates that E will occur within a year with probability p, what should it charge the customer in order that its expected pro? t will be 10 percent of A? Let X be denote the company’s pro? t at the end of the year, and w be the amount that the customer is charged. The company’s pro? is w if E does not occur within the year, and w ? A if E does occur within the year. Thus P X = w = (1 ? p) and P X = w ? A = p. Therefore E [X ] = w(1 ? p) + (w ? A)p = w ? Ap. We set E [X ] = . 1A to obtain w = A(p + . 1). 2 Mathematical Systems Probability 31. Each night di? erent meteorologists give us us the probability that it will rain the next day. To judge how well these people predict, we will score each of them as follows: If a meteorologist says that it will rain with probability p, th en he or she will receive a score of 1 ? (1 ? p)2 if it does rain, 1 ? p2 if it does not rain.We will then keep track of scores over a certain time span and conclude that the meteorologist with the highest average score is the best predictor of weather. Suppose now that a given meteorologist is aware of this and wants to maximize his or her expected score. If this person truly believes that it will rain tomorrow with probability p? , what value of p should he or she assert so as to maximize the expected score? Let X be the score that the meteorologist receives, given that she has asserted that it will rain tomorrow with probability p. Then P X = [1 ? (1 ? p)2 ] = p? and P X = (1 ? p2 ) = (1 ? ? ). It follows that E [X ] = [1 ? (1 ? p)2 ]p? + (1 ? p2 )(1 ? p? ), which we rearrange and write as a function of p to obtain E [X ] = f (p) = ? p2 + 2p? p + 1 ? p? . We di? erentiate with respect to p to obtain f (p) = ? 2p + 2p? , which clearly has a zero at p = p? . It is straightforward t o verify that f has a maximum at this zero, so the meteorologist should assert p = p? as the probability that it will rain tomorrow. 41. A man claims to have extrasensory perception. As a test, a fair coin is ? ipped 10 times, and the man is asked to predict the outcome in advance. He gets 7 out of 10 correct.What is the probability that he would have done at least this well if he had no ESP? If the man were just guessing, then on each ? ip he would have probability p = 1 of getting the 2 correct answer. Let X be the number of correct guesses out of a sequence of 10 coin ? ips, and we can see that X is a binomial random variable with parameters 10 and 1 . Thus P X ? 7 = 2 10 10 1 i 1 10? i 11 (2) (2) = 64 . i=7 i 51. The expected number of typographical errors on a page of a certain magazine is . 2. What is the probability that the next page you read contains (a)0 and (b)2 or more typographical errors?Explain your reasoning. Let X be the number of typographical errors on a page of a magazine. Then X is a Poisson random variable with parameter ? = E [X ] = . 2. We then have P X = 0 = e?. 2 ? .819 and P X ? 2 = 1 ? P X < 2 = 1 ? P X = 0 ? P X = 1 = 1 ? e?. 2 ? .2e?. 2 ? .0175. 57. Suppose that the number of accidents occurring on a highway each day is a Poisson random variable with parameter ? = 3. a. Find the probability that 3 or more accidents occur today. Let X denote the number of accidents on the stretch of road. Then P X ? 3 = 1 ? P X < 3 = 1 ? e? 3 ? 3e? 3 ? 9 e? 3 ? .577. 2 b.Repeat part (a) under the assumption that at least 1 accident occurs today. Note that that the event â€Å"there are three or more accidents today,† is a subset of the event â€Å"there is at least one accident today,† and thus the intersection of the two is just the former. It follows that P X? 3 1 ? e? 3 ? 3e? 3 ? 9 e? 3 2 P X ? 3|X ? 1 = = ? . 607. 1 ? e? 3 P X? 1 3 Mathematical Systems Probability 63. People enter a gambling casino at a rate of 1 for every 2 minut es. a. What is the probability that no one enters between 12:00 and 12:05? If X is the number of people entering within the 5 minute interval, then X is a Poisson random 5 variable with parameter ? = 2  · 5. Thus, P X = 0 = e? 2 ? .082. b. What is the probability that at least 4 people enter the casino during that time? Using the same random variable as above, we have 5 55 25 ? 5 125 ? 5 e 2? e 2 ? .242 P X ? 4 = 1 ? e? 2 ? e? 2 ? 2 4  · 2! 8  · 3! 68. In response to an attack of ten missiles, ? ve hundred antiballistic missiles are launched. The missile targets of the antiballistic missiles are independent, with each being equally likely to go towards any of the missiles. If each antiballistic missile independently hits its target with probability . , use the Poisson paradigm to approximate the probability that all missiles are hit. Consider one particular missile M . A particular antiballistic missile A selects M as its target with probability . 1, and if A selects M then it has probability . 1 of hitting it. Hence any such A will hit M with probability (. 1)(. 1) = . 01. Then the likely number of times M gets hit is roughly 500(. 01) = 5. Hence by the Poisson paradigm, if X is M ’s likely number of hits then X is a Poisson(5) variable. Thus the probability that M is hit is P X > 0 = 1 ? P X = 0 = 1 ? e? 5 .There are 10 missiles, so the probability that all of them are hit is then roughly (1 ? e? 5 )10 . 71. Consider a roulette wheel consisting of 38 numbers—1 through 36, 0, and double 0. If Smith always bets that the outcome will be one of the numbers 1 through 12, what is the probability that a. Smith will lose his ? rst 5 bets; Since Smith will lose with probability 26 38 , we will lose his ? rst 5 bets with probability ( 13 )5 ? .15. 19 b. his ? rst win will occur on his 4th bet? Note that this is a geometric random variable with parameter p = 12 (or alternatively, a negative 38 inomial random variable with parameters p = 12 and r = 1 ). Smith’s ? rst win will occur on his 38 13 6 4th bet with probabiltity ( 19 )3  · 19 ? .101. 75. A fair coin is continually ? ipped until heads appears for the tenth time. Let X denote the number of tails that occur. Compute the probability mass function of X . Let Y be a negative binomial random variable with parameters p = 1 and r = 10. An appropriate 2 sequence with n tails in it must contain n + 10 ? ips in it total, and thus n+10 (n + 10) ? 1 r n+9 1 P X = n = P Y = n + 10 = p (1 ? p)(n+10)? r = 2 r? 1 9 4

Evaluation of “Letter from Birmingham Jail” & “Resistance to Civil Government” Essay

Evaluation of â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† & â€Å"Resistance to Civil government† Both passages â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† and â€Å"Resistance to Civil government† have the same general purpose which was the idea of Civil disobedience, not agreeing with the law because it violates one’s morality or inner conscience belief. In the â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† Martin Luther King explains his reasoning for why he retaliated the law and the idea of protesting without violence. Henry David Theoreau recognizes the unjust ways of the government and the issues of slavery. The tone that Theoreau uses seems to be more aggravated and anger driven than that of King, who expresses the issues using a less harsh tone and not as many witty comments. In King’s passage, his tone is more deep and personal, speaking on a level representing the African American community and the hardships that they go through. In Theoreau’s passage, he uses a less personal approach and uses more factual based things and the use of grim irony explaining that what is being done is the opposite of what America was founded on, he goes on to say â€Å"Must the citizen ever for a moment, or in the least degree, resign his conscience to the legislator? Why has every man a conscience, then? I think that we should be men first, and subjects afterward† This is similar to King’s quote â€Å"The answer lies in the fact that there are two types of laws: just and unjust. I would be the first to advocate obeying just laws. One has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws. I would agree with St. Augustine that â€Å"an unjust law is no law at all.†. King also explains his reasoning for his actions, for the revolutions and rebellion for the sake of the rights that all men are created equal and should be treated that way in America, because that is what is stated in the constitution and what the Christian faith is.

An article you choose to critique such as how or why college degrees

An you choose to critique such as how or why college degrees are becoming worthless - Article Example The paper would assess the strengths and weaknesses of the argumentative article especially in light of the methodology or approach used by the authors to defend the argument or thesis. The article supports the argumentative thesis that over last two decades the jobs available in the market require low skill and provide low-wage and recent graduates have no option other than accepting these jobs. This has especially ensued after the 2001 recession. The article is based upon secondary sources and data obtained from U.S. Census Bureau, U.S. Bureau of Labour Statistics and Current Population Survey. Data pertaining to recent college graduates with at least one bachelor’s degree have been considered for the analysis, and those who have joined school have been excluded from the data set since they are voluntarily staying out of the job market. The span taken for the study is from 1990 to 2013. Their analysis also reveals the fact that after the recession in 2001 and 2007-09, the level of unemployment has increased manifold and also the fresh graduates have to opt for part-time jobs or jobs which are not at par with their skill/education qualification and also wit h low wages. Unemployment rates for college students of different age groups have been considered. An age unemployment relation plotted shows an inverse association. Hence as graduates move from school into the labor market it is found that unemployment falls. Only after 2010 the market began to improve. In the report Abel, Deitz and Su have mentioned that recent graduates who study application oriented subject or have major in health or education find themselves in slightly better potential for jobs than others. The authors in this journalistic piece of writing give the statistical details in order of priority with a clear, confident and unpretentious tone. Such quantitative visual

Goals and Objectives Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Goals and Objectives Assignment - Essay Example The event product or purpose is important because it presents the attendees with opportunities to network and find out more about it from other attendees. The reason for the symposium is clearly pivotal for setting the basis for issues that will be tackled in the course of the event. Lastly, the location for the symposium is crucial for organizers to plan and determine the setting. One detail that can be used to develop the goal is the names and profiles of the attending students. Knowing the performance of each student can help know the product or ends of the symposium in terms of what the attendees want addressed. Offering an environment for graduates to share their findings relates to the symposium in the sense that it determines how good the presenter’s planning will be. Offering graduates experiencing in presenting in an educational context relates to the symposium in the sense that it sharpens their time management skills. Lastly, forming networking opportunities relates to the symposium in the sense that attendees need to interact with each other and expound on the presentations. The objective for giving each presenter 15 minutes to present is measurable with a timer on their presenting devices and possibly another on the desk immediately before them. The objective of giving all formats a total of 25 minutes is measurable by timers on the presenter’s desks and the length of each slide. Lastly, the objective of 20 minute morning breaks relates is measurable through the amount of time needed for attendees to leave their seats, head outside or to rests rooms, and interact with others before coming back to the symposium. A different objective for goal one is submitting an abstract that will be accessible on the internet. This objective is an action because it alerts the presenter of the amount of time he or she has for presentation, Q&A, and the next presentation. For the second

Teacher Attitudes Toward Pay for Performance Incentives for Teachers Essay

Teacher Attitudes Toward Pay for Performance Incentives for Teachers - Essay Example Subsequent intention is to subjects’ responses to qualitative analysis in order to develop an in depth understanding of teachers’ perception on the two remuneration approaches. The developed knowledge will then be communicated to relevant stakeholders. Research results will be communicated orally, and in writing. The compiled dissertation will be communicated orally during its initial presentation and subsequent written communication modes will include hand delivery of the dissertation’s hard copy and electronic communication of soft copies. The soft copy will be sent to each stakeholder’s mail address and a similar copy will be availed online. Phenomenological design, through online surveys, is proposed for implementing the research. In the plan, the research will explore teachers’ experience with the remuneration approaches (Creswell,

Older Population as a Vulnerable Group Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Older Population as a Vulnerable Group - Essay Example The research paper â€Å"Older Population as a Vulnerable Group† investigates the difficulties faced by older adults, who belong to the vulnerable group mainly because of their limited physical mobility, cognitive impairment, and weakened social networks. The explosive technological developments in the field of medicine over the last few decades have significantly improved health status of people, particularly in economically developed countries like the U.S and the UK. Those developments and innovations were capable of increasing the life expectancy of people, and this situation in turn resulted in a phenomenon called population ageing. The older population is a vulnerable group, and this group’s vulnerability is a combination of three factors like health status, cognitive ability, and social support. Older people are likely to be affected by issues like loneliness, stress, and depression. Therefore, they are increasingly exposed to deception and fraud. Population agei ng is a process where a country’s median age rises due to increasing life expectancy and/or decreasing birth rates. In economically developed countries like the UK and the U.S, rising life expectancy is the major cause leading to population ageing. Recently, even less economically developed countries have also improved their life expectancy and significantly contribute population ageing. Growing life expectancy is the prime cause of population ageing in the world except in 18 countries which are ‘demographic outliers’ according to the United Nations.... The Department of Health indicates that an individual over 85 is approximately three times more expensive to health care as compared to a person between the ages of 65 and 75 ("More than 10 million people..†). Although the UK government has framed extensive mechanisms to ensure rapid and quality care for the older population, the needs of a notable percent of aging people still go unnoticed. Causes of vulnerability The fast growth of the older population raises great challenges to the wellbeing of the old age people because they are exposed to various vulnerabilities. It is identified that older population is increasingly prone to vulnerabilities like exploitation, abuse, and negligence by others. Referring to the words of Kim and Geistfeld, older population constitutes a vulnerable group and they are â€Å"more susceptible to unscrupulous business practices than younger groups† ("What makes older adults vulnerable...). The authors continue that the older population ofte n becomes the target group for fraud because one can easily convince them. Scholars indicate that older individuals’ loneliness increases their vulnerability to fraudulent business transactions to a considerable extent. Psychological practitioners suggest that old age people are greatly in need of social interactions, and this is the reason why older consumers could be easily convinced by telemarketers. Majority of the older people have little market knowledge, and this weakness increases their susceptibility to fraud. It is awful to see that many of the old age people are not aware of the risk of losing ownership once payments are not made in time. Furthermore, they do not know whom they should contact in case

Israeli Sovereignty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Israeli Sovereignty - Essay Example in Palestine was estimated to be around 590,000 as compared to approximately 1,320,000 Palestinians, making the Jews equal approximately 31 percent of the total population (Kjeilen, 2006). The Arab nations voiced immediate opposition to the UN’s 1947 plan, joined soon after Israel’s foundation by Egypt, Transjordan, Syria, Lebanon and Iraq, in a struggle that continues to this day. At the opening ceremony of the Syrian-Israeli peace talks on December 11, 2000, Syrian Foreign Minister Farouk al-Shara stated, â€Å"It goes without saying that peace for Syria means the return of all its occupied land. Those who reject to return the occupied territories to their original owners in the framework of international legitimacy send a message to the Arabs that the conflict between Israel and Arabs is a conflict of existence in which bloodshed can never stop.† The Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz, at the 2002 Arab League summit in Beirut, said, â€Å"I propose that the Arab summit put forward a clear and unanimous initiative addressed to the United Nations Security Council based on two basic issues: normal relations and security for Israel in exchange for full withdrawal from all occupied Arab territories.† Irans Foreign Minister Kamal Kharrazi, in a September 21, 2002 Washington Post interview entitled â€Å"The War and Iran,† stated â€Å"We do not recognize Israel as a government. We believe that eventually Palestinian refugees have to return to their homeland† (Israeli-Palestinian Pro-Con 2004). Since the state was founded, much of the world’s population, including opinion in the Israel-friendly United States, has become opposed the existence of Israel as an independent state. In the U.S., from Boston to San Francisco, people openly espouse this belief. â€Å"No country has a right to exist, certainly not one that was founded through the destruction of another country. Was Palestine ever afforded a right to exist?† claims a San Franciscan

My Diet Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My Diet Analysis - Essay Example Finally, I realized my energy expenditure was significantly more than my calorie intake. This gave me room to enhance my diet to incorporate more food groups. II. Based on my original 5 day food log actual vs. recommended report there were a number of nutrients in my diet that I consumed less than or equal to 75% of the recommended daily intake. Among these nutrients in the calories category included overall calorie consumption (38%), calories from fat (23%), and calories from saturated fat (15%). Other nutrients that fell within this designated range included carbohydrates, sugar, and dietary fiber. In terms of fats there were a number that fell below this recommended range. These included saturated fat, mono fat, and poly fat. Other nutrients included cholesterol, water, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin D, and vitamin E. In addition to these nutrients below the recommended daily intake, there was one nutrient – sodium – of which I consumed over 125% of my re commended daily intake. There are a number of ways that the foods in which I don’t meet the recommended intake, as well my overconsumption of sodium can adversely affect my health. In terms of my sodium consumption I am at risk of hypertension and heart disease (Farfan). In terms of the foods I am deficient in there are a number of diseases and risks I face. ... In terms of carbohydrates I risk experiencing low energy levels. In terms of fiber deficiency I face digestion problems. Finally, in terms of my fat deficiencies I face the risk of skin, fingernail, and even menstrual problems. III. There were a great many foods in which my recommended daily intake was below. In thinking of three foods that are aimed at fulfilling these needs, I attempted to find foods rich in many of nutrients I was deficient in. As I was deficient in many of the vitamin B categories, I realize that I should add bananas and legumes to my diet as they would improve both vitamin B1 and B6 consumption (Daniellson). In meeting my monosaturated fat intake I could consume more olive oil with my main meals. As the only nutrient that I consumed over the recommended daily intake of was sodium, three foods that I could remove from my diet to lower my sodium intake include crackers, tuna, and hamburgers; in addition I could limit my general use of salt (Iannelli, 2010). IV. Wh en comparing my original food log with my made up menus there were a number of elements I noticed that differed between the two food logs. One of the most pervasive differences I noticed between the two foods logs was that in the made up menu the calorie count was consistently higher in the made up menus. It’s clear this is an element of not being able to maintain a balanced diet because of a variety of factors related to daily commitments. In terms of specific improvements I believe that some of the major improvements noted were the consistency in meals. In these regards, the made up menus more consistently contained foods from the recommended food categories. For instance, these menus consistently contained a

Leadership and organizational creativity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Leadership and organizational creativity - Essay Example Every employee makes part of this family. Getting to work in such an environment inculcates a strong sense of belongingness and high self-esteem in the workers. They can relate to the environment at the workplace just like they can relate to their respective families at home. The employee-centered culture that prevails at the workplace is one of the most important and influential factors that make Spiers-Lopez effective. Employees in such a culture feel empowered and satisfied. Developing such an environment at the workplace is not easy. It takes a lot of dedication, hard work, and most importantly, self-awareness. Awareness of the self and a belief in her personal values has given Spiers-Lopez the confidence that she requires to make informed decisions and have an impact on the team at the workplace so profound that workers feel obliged to let such a culture nurture and

US CEO's pay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

US CEO's pay - Essay Example Since the mid-1970’s, for roughly 40 years, the pay of top executives rose at a modest rate. However, executive compensation started shooting up tremendously in 1980 and this pace even accelerated in 1990’s. Notwithstanding dipping in the stock in the early 2000’s, the CEO’s, the CEO’s package has continued shooting higher. An average CEO of a large company in the US earned around 24 times the compensation of a typical worker. (Jacob and Paul, 2010) In the mid-1980’s, at the time of the economic boom, US executives were being paid the most lucrative salaries in history and this continued even during recession in 1990’s. This was perceived as unfair to both laid off employees and stockholders. (www.findarticles.com) Up to 2003, the American Chief Executives average compensation rose by a factor of about six in America’s top five hundred companies. Their average pay reached around eleven million per year inclusive of the value of the options. This is not comparable to CEO’s pay in any country. For example, Swedish Chief Executives received roughly a quarter of their American counter parts. In 2007, the CEO’s pay accelerated towards three hundred times that of a typical worker. Executives of top companies made more than twelve million US dollar in that year. (Tyler, 2006) Scholars Xavier Gabaix of Massachussetts University and Augistin Landier of the stern school of business argue that American executives are not overpaid. They suggest that increase in the value of stock market largely explains the high packages of Chief Executive officers. This argument is simple. It suggests that more economic value is created by better executive decisions. If the number of good executives is less than the number of big companies, the value of the executive talent will be pushed up by competitive bidding. Thus, the value of Chief executive officers compensation packages results from competitive

Psychological Disorders Essay Example for Free

Psychological Disorders Essay Psychological Disorder Analysis This psychological analysis is about Maria a 42 year old Hispanic female who comes into the mental health clinic complaining of feeling jumpy all of the time, she has trouble sleeping and is enable to concentrate on her work as an accountant. These symptoms are causing problems for her at work. There can be many causes for her symptoms but to get to the root of her issue a clinical assessment, diagnoses, and proper treatment for her disorder will be submitted. Maria comes into the clinic complaining of having trouble sleeping, feeling jumpy all the time, she has trouble concentrating on her work which seems to be causing an issue. A clinical interview is done first on Maria to attain some background information. Clinical interviews questions are 1. What brings her to the clinic? 2. When did these feelings start and did an event trigger them? 3. Do these feelings last long? 4. What is her relationship with her parents? 5. What is her relationship with her siblings? 6. What type of work does she do? 7. What are her romantic relationships like? 8. What was her childhood experiences like? 9. What makes her happy? 10. Does she have any medical problems or medication she is taking? A possible disorder is causing her symptoms. Because information was not given concerning her background, family or social life Maria’s symptoms coincide with Dysthymic Disorder with major depression (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Dysthymic Disorder is known as double depression (Comer, 2011). It has symptoms of chronic and low level depression which reduces one’s ability to function. Some individuals with Dysthymia experience insomnia, or hypersomnia, poor appetite and overeating. They also experience poor concentration or have difficulty making decisions. Some fail to attend to daily hygiene, some experience low energy and low self esteem which cause them to overlook their daily duties or job responsibilities (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Most say they have been unhappy or sad all of their lives which cause them not maintain healthy relationships (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Dysthymia also causes changes in feeling, thinking, and physical well-being (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Dysthymic disorder share symptoms with major depression. Both disorders share symptoms such as sleep difficulties, shyness, and social withdrawal; poor work performance,  irritability, and conflict with family and friends (University Of Phoenix, 2007). The main difference between the two disorders is the intensity and duration of the disorder. With major depression symptoms are more severe such as the individual may be so depressed they cannot get out of bed and have thoughts of suicide whereas with Dysthymia the depression is more muted where the person is able to function on some level, he or she may be getting out of bed, but they may not groom themselves (University Of Phoenix, 2007). The other difference is major depression needs episodes that last for at least two weeks whereas dysthymic disorder symptoms persist for at least two years (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Major depression is also common with minorities. Minority groups that live below poverty or come from family wh ose environment was impoverished tend to suffer from depression in higher numbers (Comer, 2011). Gender also plays a role in major depression women are twice as likely as men to receive a diagnosis of depression (Comer, 2011). To assess her case the DSM-IV is used. According to what Maria says her symptoms meet the criteria on the DSM-IV. Maria must display two of her symptoms for a period of 2 weeks or longer (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Maria did not indicate in this case study how long she had been experiencing symptoms. The case study did not indicate Maria’s dress condition or hygiene neither did it indicate that she was shy or socially withdrawn. Maria may have developed dysthymic disorder through a behavioral process called learned helplessness. (University Of Phoenix, 2007). During an experiment dogs were placed in a cage with barricades and were exposed to a stimulus light which was followed by a shock (University Of Phoenix, 2007). They learned quickly through classical conditioning to fear the light (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In phase two of the experiment the shock was turned off and when the first group of dogs was exposed to the light they jumped over the barricade jumping to safety (Comer, 2011). When the second group of dogs encountered a large barrier they could not jump from the fear producing light to safety. When the light came on they ran around the cage barking and when they discovered escape was impossible they lay down and whimpered (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In ph ase 3 of this experiment all the barriers were removed, and the dogs could escape easily however, when the light came on the dogs that had been trapped made no effort to leave the cage, instead they lay down and whimpered (University Of Phoenix, 2007). What the experiment revealed is the dogs learned that even though they can escape nothing they can do will improve their conditions so in effect the dogs learned to be helpless (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Because Maria is Hispanic the multicultural perspective plays a role. Because of social norms, family structure, and background this should be all taken into account with minorities. Maria probably grew in an impoverish environment. Research shows that Hispanics are more likely to live a poorer environment that White American (Comer, 2011). Maria may feel that her life was precondition to remain this way even though she has made a life for herself as an accountant. Just like the dogs in her thinking she feels nothing she can do will change her conditions, even though she has opportunities to improve her life she has learned to be helpless which makes her sad and depressed which are symptoms of the disorder (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Multicultural research also shows that prejudice and discrimination against multicultural groups leads to higher anxiety and depression in minorities (Comer, 2011). Other probably causes for Maria’s disorder is a biological imbalance or hormonal imbalance like those seen in major depression. Biological theorist believes abnormal behavior as an illness is brought on by a malfunctioning organism in the brain or brain chemistry (Comer, 2011). The brain is made up of billions of nerve cells called neurons (Comer, 2011). When an electrical impulse reaches a neuron it is stimulated to release a certain chemical called a neurotransmitter which travels to receptors (Comer, 2011). These receptors travel to other neurons telling them to fire or not fire (Comer, 2011). Neurotransmitters play a key role in carrying information through the brain. In Maria’s case her neurotransmitters may be defective causing her symptoms (Comer, 2011). A hormonal imbalance can also trigger depressio n (Comer, 2011). A woman’s biological life changes as she ages triggering different hormone levels (Comer, 2011). Although hormonal changes cannot alone cause depression alone important social and life events that occur with puberty, pregnancy, or menopause can (Comer, 2011). To treat dysthymic disorder biological treatments such as psychotherapy and medications like Prozac and Tofranil have proven to be helpful in reducing symptoms (University Of Phoenix, 2007). A variety of psychotherapeutic approaches can work as well. Cognitive behavioral therapy can challenge Marias unrealistic ideas,  pessimistic expectations and self-critical evaluations (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Therapy can help her to have a more positive outlook on her life, and can help her to prioritize both opportunities and challenges concerning her life (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Multicultural treatments such as culture-sensitive therapy can be used in which the therapist addresses issues faced by minority groups (Comer, 2011). In addition behavioral oriented therapy can help her adapt better coping skills and help her communicate more effectively with friends and coworkers (University Of Phoenix, 2007). In this case study Maria went to the mental health clinic complaining of having trouble sleeping, feeling jumpy all the time, an inability to concentrate on her work as an accountant. Interview questions were asked which lead to a diagnosis of dysthymic disorder with major depression. Probable causes for her disorder are rooted in a neuro chemical imbalance or a learned helplessness from her environment (University Of Phoenix, 2007). Treatment for dysthymic disorder is psychotherapy and medication to reduce the symptoms (University Of Phoenix, 2007).

Reflect on the physical and social factors of vulnerability

Reflect on the physical and social factors of vulnerability I have recently undertaken a student nurse placement in a community hospital in North Wales. I was mainly employed on the care of the older person ward. This ward dealt with older people awaiting or recovering from surgery or awaiting re-housing into care facilities or their own modified house. Many of the patients could be considered vulnerable. Normal aging, illness and life experiences had increased the vulnerability of many of the patients and the coping skills of many had been severely diminished. In this essay, I will examine one of the patients I came into contact with regularly. In accordance with the Nursing and Midwifery Code of Conduct (NMC 2008) all names and placement details will be concealed, and I will refer to the patient as Mr. A at all times. I will discuss Mr. As medical conditions and how and why these medical conditions have led Mr. A to be regarded as vulnerable, covering physical, social, psychological and environmental factors. Mr. A was a 67 year old gentleman who was morbidly obese. He had a BMI of over 40  kg/m2 and was bed bound. He also suffered with Aspergers Syndrome which is a type of autism mainly affecting social and communication skills. Both of these in addition with being an older person would have led to him to be vulnerable in various aspects. Vulnerability  is the susceptibility to physical or emotional injury or attack. Vulnerability refers to a persons state of being liable to succumb to  manipulation,  persuasion  or  temptation. (Bankoff, et al. 2004). A vulnerable adult is one who due to Age, Physical injury, Disability, Disease or Emotional or Developmental disorders is unlikely to be able to provide for their own basic necessities of life; they may also have an increased risk of harm or injury. This would include, but is not necessarily limited to adults who reside in long-term care facilities such as nursing homes, adult family homes, boarding homes, assisted living facilities or those who receive health care or other assistance in providing for the basic necessities of life while residing in their own home. Roper, Logan and Tierney(1980) published a nursing model outlining 12 activities of daily living that are crucial to a person basic needs, some of which are essential such as breathing, eating and drinking and others which enhance the quality of life such as work and play and expressing sexuality. When an individual becomes old, frail, ill and immobile they may be dependent on others to help them with the 12 ADLs. This can result in people feeling vulnerable. Fernandez LS et al (2002) states that impaired physical mobility, diminished sensory awareness, chronic health conditions, and social and economic limitations can result in vulnerability of the elderly to disasters such as falls or accidents. Frail elderly with serious physical, cognitive, economic, and psycho-social problems are at especially high risk. Mr. A was 67 and according to the Geriatric Pharmacology Research Group in Newcastle upon Tyne, The frail elderly are individuals, over 65 years of age, dependent on others for activities of daily living, and often in institutional care. As with Mr. A, he was 67 years old and was reliant on carers for many if not all of the Activities of Daily Living. He was also in institutional care for pressure sores. Due to all of these points Mr. A would be classed as frail elderly. Mr As problem with weight was the main cause of his hospitalisation, he stated he had weight consistently put on more and more weight over the years. He felt very responsible for his weight gain but was reluctant to do anything about it even though he was classed as morbidly obese. Obesity  is a  medical condition  in which excess  body fat  has accumulated to the extent that it may have an adverse effect on health, leading to reduced  life expectancy  and/or increased health problems.  Body mass index  (BMI), a measurement which compares  weight  and height, defines people as  overweight  when their BMI is between 25  kg/m2  and 30  kg/m2, and obese when it is greater than 30  kg/m2. Mr. As obesity led him to be largely bedbound and incapable of maintaining his health, his home or personal hygiene. When Mr A was living in his own home district nurses would regularly come in to tend to his pressure sores. Pressure sores are  lesions  to the skin caused by many factors such as unrelieved  pressure and friction. These pressure sores were the result of Mr A being unable to move so constantly having to stay in the same position and thus having unrelieved pressure on different parts of his body. As Mr. A was bedbound he could not tend to his own housekeeping and his house became so untidy the district nurses found it too hard care for him in the chaotic surroundings so referred him to a community hospital. While he was in a community hospital a council funded cleaning team organized his house in order for him to be discharged back to a manageable house. Another reason that district nurses were finding Mr. A hard to manage was that he suffered from Aspergers Syndrome and would often be aggressive with the district nurses. Aspergers syndrome  is a type of autism that is characterized by difficulties in social interaction, along with restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviour and interests. It differs from other autisms as sufferers linguistic  and  cognitive development are often fine and develop well. The exact  cause of Aspergers  is unknown.  There is no single treatment but interventions are used to improve sufferers symptoms and functions. The main treatment used is  behavioural therapy, focusing on the specific insufficiency of the patient. These tend to consist of poor communication skills, obsessive or repetitive routines, and physical clumsiness.  Most individuals improve over time, but difficulties with communication, social adjustment and  independent living  can exist and continue into adulthood.  Some people with Aspergers syndrome may become angry and aggressive, either to themselves or to other people. Sometimes when a person with Aspergers feels angry, they cannot easily pause and think of alternative strategies to resolve the situation. The rapidity and intensity of anger, often in response to a relatively trivial event, can be extreme and can get so intense, they may go into a blind rage and unable to see the signals indicating that it would be appropriate to stop. (Attwood, 2006). At the community hospital Mr. A would often get aggressive or rude when more than one nurse would be in the room. If he felt he wasnt being listened to not being involved enough he would become very agitated and start shouting. The nurses took this into account and made sure Mr. A was involved at all times with anything going on in his room. I feel this condition may have led Mr. A to inadvertently isolate himself from people and people to him. When people do not understand something they can take a negative approach to it. Mr. As outbursts would have offended some people and cause them to detach themselves. This would quite possibly be due to the fact they did not understand or know about the condition and fear of the unknown leads to negativity in some cases. (Campbell, 2006) A person who is vulnerable to isolation or social pressure may be considered as suffering from social vulnerability. When people become isolated due to illness or reduced mobility they may find it difficult to access essential services. Mr. A had a job translating books from various foreign languages into English. He did this from his laptop every day and when he was transferred to hospital he left his laptop at home. This made his feel low all the time as he said he had no purpose to his day. The nursing staff through Multi Disciplinary Team meetings reviewed his situation and decided to let him have his laptop delivered to the hospital along with internet connection and had his mail transferred, this all to allow him to continue to work which elevated his mood greatly for the remainder of his stay. He reported he was much happier at the community hospital now that he could continue with his day to day life. Mr. A also said he felt isolated due to his obesity. As people age, they often become more vulnerable, their social circumstances particularly impact their health. As with Mr A, due to his obesity he was confined to his bed and this impacted on his social circumstances. It limited anything he wanted to do socially, for example, he could not venture out of the house, and could only find small ways of interacting with society. One of these ways was through his online job; this allowed him to interact through the internet without having to leave his bed. This had both a positive and negative side. Although it allowed Mr. A to interact with people, all be it virtually, which was important in developing his social skills it did however mean he did not have to move and so made little effort in changing his lifestyle. Mr. As lifestyle choices were undoubtedly the main cause of his hospitalization. He refused to try to diet at the hospital and stated he had always been this way, never wanting to diet. Family members would bring in unhealthy food for him; they were advised against doing this but made no attempt to stop. A dietician came to evaluate Mr. A and a plan was made but not stuck to by Mr. A. He was also offered physiotherapy in the form of help to start doing small movements with his arms and legs daily but he declined. This weight problem made him vulnerable to all sorts of illnesses; one in particular that was being managed at the hospital was his pressure sores. In hospital a special bed was required to accommodate his weight and relieve his pressure sores, along with bariatric chairs, wheelchairs and hoists. Mr. As weight and inability to move made him physically vulnerable. Many of the elderly are admitted to hospital due to something caused by a physical vulnerability. A physical vulnerability is when a person has an increased risk of injury. E.g. easily brakes bones, has reduced strength, reduced movement or dexterity. Many of the patients in the community hospital were there as a result of such vulnerability and had suffered injuries resulting from falls. Some had reduced mobility which meant they needed assistance in performing one or more daily tasks such as getting in and out of bed, preparing meals and eating them, doing housework, dressing, and performing personal hygiene. According to Holden and Smeeding sixteen percent of the elderly need help with at least one of these conditions. Elderly persons subject to two or more of the five they deemed insecure; those facing three or more were considered extremely insecure. Those people who are totally dependent on social services for survival are already economically and socially marginalized and require additional support at all times. Mr. A needed help with all physical activities, he was washed, dressed, fed, and cared for all by nurses and carers. He stated that because he could not do anything for himself he had no quality of life in the community hospital and although he was bedbound at home as well, he did have home comforts and had developed methods of reaching things he needed and wanted, such as a pik-stick. These new surroundings may have made Mr. A feel environmentally Vulnerable. Environmental vulnerability is when a person suffers reduced quality of life caused by external conditions and surroundings. The transfer to the community hospital was a major change of environment for Mr. A as he had to get used to new surroundings, new methods, and new people and as he has limited movement he stated he all the new goings on made him feel rather helpless as all he could do was press the bell and wait if he needed something. This was understandable and it was explained to Mr A in great detail the goings on, routines and layout of the hospital to try and overcome his worries. Brubaker (1987) tells of how having a major lifestyle change such as having to come to hospital for a long period of time can make the patient feel as though there dignity is being taken away from them. This was noticeable with Mr. A. When he was first admitted to hospital, he resisted being washed on many occasion. This may have been due to there being many new nurses and carers that he was not used to. He may have felt shy and undignified having to be washed in his hospital bed my many different workers. This was overcome by making sure his door was always closed, windows and curtains shut, nurses and carers would also introduce themselves, ask for consent and talk Mr. A through the procedure, all in order to make him feel more comfortable. This seemed to cease his worries and he started to allow the staff to wash him on a daily basis. One major concern of Mr. As was the time it took from when he pressed the bell in the hospital or the emergency bell in his house to the time a nurse or carer got to him. He would panic during this period and this impacted greatly on his psychological well being leaving him psychologically vulnerable. Psychological Vulnerability is when someone is vulnerable to emotional or behavioural harm. While Mr. A was in the community hospital calming and relaxation techniques were taught to him to try and overcome his anxiety. He was taught deep breathing techniques and stated he found this particularly beneficial. Every time he started to feel anxious and worried he could now use these new techniques which take his mind of the worry and keep him calm. While I was working at the hospital I saw a huge change in Mr. As behaviour in terms of anxiety. He became much less aggressive when having to wait for a nurse.   There were many elderly residents at the community hospital that suffered many different types of psychological vulnerability. Many of the frail elderly who had suffered falls lost their confidence completely. One female patient told me that she did not want to go home as she did not feel she could cope. She did not feel safe in her home but would not want to move to a residential home. This must be a very distressing time and it is hard to reassure patients in this mind set. Through the MDT meetings it was decided that Mr. A would have to go to a residential home as it would not be safe for him to go home. Mr. A felt he would not enjoy being in residential and was completely opposed to the idea. However, three workers from the residential home came to speak to Mr. A, he was taken to view the residential home and his room, the Doctors and Nurses at the community hospital spoke to Mr. A at length and gave him time to voice his questions and concerns. With time Mr. A seemed to come around to the idea and realise it was the best option for him and by the end of my student placement Mr. A told me he was looking forward to moving out of the community hospital and into the residential home. I have outlined Mr. As conditions and how he was affected by physical, psychological, sociological and environmental vulnerability. Over the seven weeks I was in the community hospital alot was done to conquer Mr As vulnerability and re-merge him into society. Community hospitals are designed to reduce the risks to people who are vulnerable to social, physical, environmental and psychological injury. Hospitals have special floors, showers, seats and beds. They have controlled heating, lighting, diets, they encourage interaction between patients and with visitors (at certain times during the day) thus reducing social isolation. Highly trained staff monitor and review patients regularly to ensure they are receiving the best care and the support needed to leave hospital and to prevent their return. This all minimises the risk of patients feeling vulnerable and helps them to have a fast recovery and rehabilitation.

Drosophila Melanogaster Laboratory Rearing

Drosophila Melanogaster Laboratory Rearing Abstract   Drosophila melanogaster Linnaeus was reared for single generation in the laboratory on a simple diet of 13gm yeast, 250gm milk, 20gm cellulose tissue and 1L water. Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster, laboratory rearing, developmental stages, artificial diet Introduction Drosophila melanogaster  is commonly known as fruit fly since its always found near unripe and rotted fruit. The fly inspired its genus name from the Latin word means dew loving. This genus could b easily identified by presence of black characteristic hairs over their compound eye. This smallish fly has been paid attention since early 90th in many scientific investigations concerning behavioral and genetic studies. Thomas Hunt Morgan was the first and outstanding biologist studying  Drosophila  early in the 1900s. He was the first to discover sex linked genes and genetic assortment, segregation, and recombination, which put the fly as a model of genetic research. And cause of its smallish size, ease of culture and short generation time, geneticists have been using  the fly ever since. Drosophila sp. is one of the few organisms whose entire genome is known and many of its genes have been identified and used in many other scientific researches. The very fast development enables this organism to develop from eggs to adult stage during 9-12 days in 25 °C. Usually the fly spends five days in the egg  and  larval stages and four days in the pupal  stage. The adult may live for several weeks.  Drosophila sp. should not be reared in high temperatures (e.g. above 30 °C) that will result in sterilization or death of the flies or to low temperatures (e.g. below 10 °C) that also will result in a prolonged life cycle, maybe 57 days, and eventually reduced viability. Their body is usually pale yellow to reddish brown to black in color, with large, red eyes and oval-shaped wings, maybe sometimes it has some distinct black patterns. Also their wing venation is peculiar to the entire family. The body form could be mutated due to culturing conditions, which produces offspring with body characters quietly different from parents.  For instance, higher temperatures might alter the phenotype of the eye and body color, or may change the wing shape and size. The entire genus of Drosophila sp. contains more than 15000 species and is very diverse in appearance, behavior, and breeding habitat (Gerhard Bà ¤chli, 1999-2006). Drosophila  sp. found all over the world, but most of their species are predominant in the tropical regions. They are multivoltine species, and the northern species can hibernate. They breed in various kinds of decaying plants and  fungal  materials. The larvae of some species can also feed on fresh fruit and can sometimes be a pest (  Mark Hoddle).  Some other few species maybe switched in order to be  parasites or  predators. Most of their species are attracted to bait of fermented  fruits or any other fermented odor, but little of them are not attracted to any kind of baits. Males usually congregate at patches of suitable breeding habitats to compete for females. Several  Drosophila  species, such as  D. melanogaster, are closely associated with humans; thereby they are called as  domestic  s pecies. But most of Drosophila sp. have been accidentally to new areas due to anthropogenic activities and fruit transportation (Vilela, 1999; Van der Linde et al., 2006; Castrezana, 2007). The fruit fly varies in their reproductive capacity. D. melanogaster, breeds in rare, limited resources, have  ovaries  that mature 10-20 eggs at a time, so that they can be laid together on one site. Others, those breed in more-abundant but less nutritious substrates, may only lay one egg per day. Only the adult stage feeds on vegetable matters, whereas larvae, the feeding immature stage, feed on yeast and microorganisms present on decaying breeding substrate. Their developmental time vary according to species. It is varied from 7 more than 60 days. Also, it may vary within the same species depending on the environmental factors such as temperature, breeding substrate, and crowding. In this study, D. melanogaster collected and cultured under laboratory conditions, using artificial substrates to investigate different immature stages and the mean developmental time for each stage. Materials and Methods 1. Collecting and Culturing Media Diet mixture of yeast, milk and cellulose was put in plastic bottle. The bottle was cut into two halves, the nick top half, which put inverted on the bottom half. The media recipe was devised as below: Yeast 13gm Milk 250gm Cellulose tissue 20gm H2O 1L This media is blended and placed in plastic collecting bottles containing crumpled paper toweling to prevent flies drowning. The media was stored at 30o for 2-3 days until fermented (Krivshenko 1963), then put outdoor to collect adult. The collecting bottle was checked twice daily (day and night). The collecting bottle left for three days to collect as much as possible of D. melanogaster flies. The collected individuals transferred to culturing bottle under the laboratory conditions (25 °Ã‚ ±5 °C) at plant protection department, Food and Agriculture Sciences College, King Saud University, for conducting the experiment. Flies oviposited in the diet. After 24 hrs, adult flies were removed from the bottles using their positive phototactic response and maintained in 20x20cm cage fitted with a sleeve and fed with 2.5 % sugar solution through cotton wicks. Small 50ml vials with culturing media were used for maintaining small larvae individually and avoid crowding. Number of larval developmental stages and time taken until pupal stage were recorded. Study area and period The study was conducted for 30 days (December, 2010) starting culturing step. Three collecting bottles were used in three selected sites for adult D. melanogaster collection; the educational farm of Food and Agriculture Sciences College, referred as site A, the main building of the College, referred as site B, and the students housing at King Saud University, referred as site C. Results and Discussion Total of 23 adults were collected in the three collecting bottles. Both Sites A and C were negative for adult fly. Eggs laid couldnt be observed since adult females put them in tiny cracks of the culturing media. 301 larvae have been recorded within 24hrs. The mean developmental time for larvae was 7 days to pupation. By the eighth day, all larvae pupate (Fig. 1). Only single adult failed to emerge by the eleventh day. No adult were emerged until the end of month, which means that successful adult emergence took almost 22 days. The rapid development of early immature stages proved favorable conditions for larval development that was not quietly enough for the pupal stage development into adult emergence. The developmental period for  fruit fly varies mainly with temperature, as with many  ectothermic species. The shortest recorded development time (egg to adult), 7 days, is achieved at 28 °C (Ashburner and Thompson 1978, Ashburner et al., 2005). Development time increases at higher temperatures (11 days at 30 °C) cause of heat stress. The ideal development time at 25 °C is supposed to be 8.5 days as Ashburner and Thompson (1978), Ashburner et al., (2005), and Chiang and Hodson (1950) reported in previous investigations. Nevertheless, the findings of the current study showed longer development time especially for late immature stage (pupa). This might be explained, as the temperature of the laboratory was not optimum ( Crowding has no effect on development time since larvae were separated individually in culturing media. More over, under crowding increases the development time (Chiang and Hodson 1950), while the emerging flies are smaller (Chiang and Hodson 1950, Bakker 1961).

The Knight and the Miller Portrayed by Chaucer Essay -- Knight Miller

The Knight and the Miller Portrayed by Chaucer society. The Knight would be an educated member of society, whereas the Miller would be nearer the bottom of the social spectrum. The type of education each would have had is reflected in the language Chaucer uses in each portrait. In the Knights prologue Chaucer uses longer words and longer sentences. Chaucer lists all the battles the Knights has been in, and the long sentences used help to show the reader that the Knight is educated. In the Millers prologue shorter sentences and shorter words are used which infers that the Miller is uneducated. ‘A swerd and bokeler bar he by his side’ The two characters are defined by their role in society in the 14th century. The Knight and the Miller are complete opposites, not only in social status but also in terms of morals and values. The description of the Knight focuses on his deeds rather than his personality or physical appearance. This reflects the Knights character, that he is not bothered by how he looks to go on the pilgrimage ‘All besmotered with his habergeon, for he was late y-come from his voyage.’ This shows that the Knight is modest and doesn’t mind how he looks when he’s on the pilgrimage. The Miller on the other hand wears bold colours and seems like he has dressed up for going on the pilgrimage. Everything about him is big, both physically ‘Ful big he was of brawn, and eek of bones.’ and personality-wise. The words Chaucer uses to describe each character are very different. The Knights portrait includes words such as ‘worthynes’, ‘trouthe’ and ‘honour.’ These words show admiration for the Knight. The words used to describe the Miller on the other hand are very simple words. Chaucer compares him ... ...of the pilgrims have weapons but each for different reasons. The Knight has come from a battle and has used his weapon for fighting in the Crusades and for his faith, ‘For he was late y-come from his voyage, and wente for to do his pilgrimage.’ The Miller has his sword for show and bravado and it seems he only uses it for mindless violence. The references to the Millers strength show his severe lack of restraint, intelligence and social status. Chaucer has presented the two portraits to introduce the two characters before they tell their tales. They are each very different both in social status and in personality, which is a reason why Chaucer put the tales next to eachother in the ‘Canterbury Tales,’ as it creates a contrast and variation in the story. The two portraits lay the foundations for both the Miller and the Knight to tell the tales they tell.

Immigration :: essays research papers

Like many other areas over the past years, the US has seen a rapid increase in immigrants who have come to the region seeking better lives for their families. These immigrants, like those throughout U.S. history, are generally hard workers and make important contributions to the economy through their productive labor and purchasing power. Most immigrants usually fill essential service jobs in the economy, which are vacant. Unfortunately, like new immigrants throughout U.S. history, â€Å"they experience conditions that are commonly deprived, oppressive, and exploitive† (Conover, 2000). They are paid low wages with little potential for advancement, are subjected to hazardous working conditions, and are threatened with losing their jobs and even deportation if they voice dissatisfaction with the way they are treated. Many work several jobs to make ends meet. Many also live in substandard housing with abusive landlords, have few health cares options, and are victims of fraud and other crimes. Immigrant problems are related to trade agreements designed to enable large corporations to capture both consumer markets and cheap labor. These agreements protect rich investors, but not the workers or the environment. In the U.S., millions of production and assembly jobs are lost when corporations move operations overseas. Poor countries have had to sell state industries and open national borders to multinational corporations in order to meet a new economic order and payment of international debts. This process has restricted markets for home industries, driven out local producers, and forced people to immigrate. The U.S. borders can never be sealed, because millions of people are seeking ways to support their families, so will come to where jobs are available. Furthermore, American businesses want and need these workers. While the multinational corporations and their rich investors benefit from corporate welfare deals and seek out havens to avoid supporting society with their taxes, ordinary Americans have to pick up their tab. This situation sounds familiar in American labor history, where immigrants have been a mainstay in the national workforce. It wasn't until the labor movement gained strength that workers in the U.S. were able to turn â€Å"exploitive jobs into occupations that enabled them to support their families and improve their living conditions† (Dougherty, 2004). Higher wages have also increased their purchasing power, stimulated economic growth, and higher standards of living. Labor contracts and new laws, regulations, and policies established a more open employment system, procedures for addressing complaints, and safer working environments. Immigration :: essays research papers Like many other areas over the past years, the US has seen a rapid increase in immigrants who have come to the region seeking better lives for their families. These immigrants, like those throughout U.S. history, are generally hard workers and make important contributions to the economy through their productive labor and purchasing power. Most immigrants usually fill essential service jobs in the economy, which are vacant. Unfortunately, like new immigrants throughout U.S. history, â€Å"they experience conditions that are commonly deprived, oppressive, and exploitive† (Conover, 2000). They are paid low wages with little potential for advancement, are subjected to hazardous working conditions, and are threatened with losing their jobs and even deportation if they voice dissatisfaction with the way they are treated. Many work several jobs to make ends meet. Many also live in substandard housing with abusive landlords, have few health cares options, and are victims of fraud and other crimes. Immigrant problems are related to trade agreements designed to enable large corporations to capture both consumer markets and cheap labor. These agreements protect rich investors, but not the workers or the environment. In the U.S., millions of production and assembly jobs are lost when corporations move operations overseas. Poor countries have had to sell state industries and open national borders to multinational corporations in order to meet a new economic order and payment of international debts. This process has restricted markets for home industries, driven out local producers, and forced people to immigrate. The U.S. borders can never be sealed, because millions of people are seeking ways to support their families, so will come to where jobs are available. Furthermore, American businesses want and need these workers. While the multinational corporations and their rich investors benefit from corporate welfare deals and seek out havens to avoid supporting society with their taxes, ordinary Americans have to pick up their tab. This situation sounds familiar in American labor history, where immigrants have been a mainstay in the national workforce. It wasn't until the labor movement gained strength that workers in the U.S. were able to turn â€Å"exploitive jobs into occupations that enabled them to support their families and improve their living conditions† (Dougherty, 2004). Higher wages have also increased their purchasing power, stimulated economic growth, and higher standards of living. Labor contracts and new laws, regulations, and policies established a more open employment system, procedures for addressing complaints, and safer working environments.

With Reference to at Least 2-3 of Amichai’s Poems, Identify the Main Stylistic Elements of His Work and Comment on Their Effectiveness.

With reference to at least 2-3 of Amichai’s poems, identify the main stylistic elements of his work and comment on their effectiveness. The main stylistic elements of the work of Yehuda Amichai greatly reflect the time in which he was writing and the place in which he was located whilst writing. Being born in Germany in 1924 and then living in Israel in the 20th century meant that Amichai was exposed to a turbulent stage in world history as Israel had only just been created as a separate state after World War II and Hitler’s persecution of the Jewish race.At this time politics, war and religion were all at the centre of the world’s attention, and particularly for the Jewish people living in Israel as there was the constant threat of violence from the Arab people in neighbouring Palestine. Throughout his work, Amichai is able to effectively convey the disruption and confusion caused by this conflict by using techniques such as scattered imagery and irregular struc ture.To better understand the effectiveness of the stylistic elements used by Amichai, it is important to look at how he uses these techniques in his works. The first area of focus that is important to understand Amichai’s style is to study where and when each poem is set. With contextual background it seems to be that nearly all of his poems are set in Israel or some sort of similar desert-like place. ‘God Has Pity on Kindergarten Children’ is one of Amichai’s earliest works and it gives a good indication as to the importance of place in his poetry.The importance of place is that in many of his works the setting is very much abstract and sense of a place in which the poem is set appears to change constantly, making the poem more universal and often with religious additions to the poems the setting is taken to a metaphysical, God like, all seeing dimension. In ‘God Has pity on Kindergarten Children’, Amichai changes place from a ‘first-a id station’ to a desert like place as he describes ‘sand’ before moving to a ‘public bench’ and lastly a ‘school’.Then the idea of a metaphysical dimension is introduced with the reference to God and religion suggesting that God is all seeing and is watching over the world from the place in which he is located. The idea of there being another dimension from which God can look down on the world is reiterated in the poem, ‘God’s Hand in the World’ where Amichai asks the question, ‘What does God see through the window while his hands reach into the world? ’ These religious images ink to the creation of a metaphysical place within the poems and they provoke the reader to think about how Amichai see’s religion and how he responds to his own thoughts about God and his faith in general. The religious imagery that is recurring in many of his poems leads the reader to a conclusion that this is one of the ma in themes which much of Amichai’s work is centred around. The next key feature is the focus on time and how this affects the subject of his work whether it is a person, object or place.Amichai uses many ellipses in his work which makes the poems very radical which is mirrored in the constant change of place and the progression in time. In the poem, ‘There Are Candles That Remember’ there are three main measures of time given; the first is ‘twenty-four hours’ which is followed by ‘eight hours’ and then there is a reference to candles that are ‘eternal’. In this poem, Amichai appears to be measuring life, and in particular his life, against the age of Israel which is a very new country in this period.The inclusion of ‘antiquities’ shows another dimension in the time references in the poem as it shows the past, but not the recent past as ‘antiquities’ signifies relics that are possibly thousands of yea rs old. In some of Amichai’s poems there is modulation in tense, ‘God Has Pity on Kindergarten Children’ shows modulation between stanza one and the other two stanzas with the shift from present tense to future tense.There is also modulation in ‘There Are Candles That Remember’ however it is internal modulation in the lines, ‘Late in my life I had a daughter who will be twenty-two in the year 2000. Her name is Emanuella†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ In these two lines the tense changes from past to future to present with the words ‘had’ followed by ‘will’ and ‘is’ which is another way in which Amichai shows the radical and unpredictable nature of his work. Prominent in Amichai’s work is the inclusion of fragmented and scattered imagery and structure.The sudden shifts between subject matter in many stanzas are mirrored by the non-clustered imagery within the poems. ‘There Are Candles That Remember’ has an irregular structure with lots of enjambed lines leaving the poem without a strong structure. The imagery within the poem also contains many non-sequential and strange images such as the ‘candles that remember’ where Amichai has personified the candles, this is then followed by the metaphorical reference to a ‘bowl full of precious liquid’. The images that follow are unrelated to the ones already mentioned, like the imile of the diaspora of old people that are said to be ‘scattered about like antiquities’ and then the comparison to how Amichai’s soul is ‘built like mountain terraces’. This style of scattered and mostly unrelated imagery helps to add to the sense of confusion and chaos in the life that he lives especially in the time in which he is living as the creation of the new country of Israel along with the conflict between the world superpowers meant that the 20th century was a time when tension and war were ever p resent threats to peace.Some of Amichai’s imagery that is used in his work is very graphic and the use of the human body no matter how much or little is prominent in many of the poems. One of the best examples of this use of imagery is the poem, ‘A Pity. We Were Such a Good Invention’ which opens with the image of a surgical procedure as the opening line reads, ‘They amputated your thighs from my hips. ’ The body part imagery makes the poem seem more physical and possibly is an attempt by Amichai to highlight the loss of intimacy with someone that he loved. A Dog After Love’ is a good example of the use of body part imagery as well as an example of the indignation felt by Amichai which is expressed through his poetry. His anger and frustration is usually caused by love, politics and religion, and in the case of ‘A Dog After Love’ it is the loss of love that causes the anger expressed by Amichai. This poem probably shows the most v iolent and graphic response to the loss of love as Amichai writes, ‘I hope it will find you and rip your lovers balls to shreds and bite off his cock’.This image effectively conveys the indignation felt by Amichai in a highly graphic way which makes it more impacting on the reader and therefore it has a greater immediate effect. Overall the main stylistic devices used by Amichai are the scattered imagery, irregular structures, often undefined place and changing times in which the poems are set. Furthermore, his work is always very personal with a great use of the words ‘I’ and ‘my’ in almost all of his poetry.All of these elements help to create very unique poetry that often has an impacting effect on the reader as the individual style of Amichai’s writing makes it necessary for the reader to think carefully about what he is writing about and what emotions he is trying to convey. Personally, I feel that Amichai’s work very effecti vely conveys the emotion felt by the events he is writing about and the personal nature of his work sometimes provokes sympathy, sadness, happiness or disdain which is a sign of an effective style of writing.

Reflective Statements of Competence: Competency Essay

To insist a commitment to professionalism.To maintain a commitment to professionalism in preschool classroom you should set a goal for yourself. My goal in my classroom is to set a standard of virtuousness with in the room and to commit myself to the evolution and development of individually child in offering a positive, gracious, loving, and safe atmosphere. I progress to respect, non completely for myself barely, for my class, all(prenominal) child, and their families. I keep all enate information shared with me confidential. I withal uphold all health and guard duty regulations and spend a penny childrens well-being my discharge priority. I also respect family diversity. This includes but is not limited to cultural differences, orientation, or economic status. I encourage identity element in children. I treat each child with respect and booster them to show a positive self- image. Being certified is being ready to assist whatsoever child with any need they ma y have. I palpate it is important to endlessly stay positive and keep a smile on your face.Stay on top of new regulations for the school as well as updated laws and other developments deep down former(a) childhood education. Always qualification sure to have information to help parents that have children with additional needs. I feel I am a kind and loving person and am really concerned about the growth and development of each child entering in the class. I want to give them all(prenominal) opportunity to grow and learn in a safe environment. I applaud working and being around children not just in a mathematical group setting but also a one on one setting. I became an early childhood assistant teacher, because I make love working with preschool children. And looking forrard to be a teacher. I enjoy guiding and watching them as they look for the world around them. Children are make full with curiosity. In class, I get the prospect to say Its okay, you can do it all the ti me.I leave behind maintain a commitment to professionalism by pledging to be a live long bookman and to take advantage of the many opportunities to hike improve my competence in early childhood education and development, and better bring in the needs of families and the children in my occupy. I will use what I have learn through the education I have received to make educated decisions term working with young children and their families. I subscribe to practice what I preach and set to the best of my ability every daylight toensure that all children in my care will be receiving the appropriate educational foundation that all children need and deserve, and high-pitched quality care.I can only hope that my passion and love for compassionate and educating young children encourages others to find out what theyre truly passionate about, gain an education, and betroth what they love to do. I dont think there is an occupation more than fulfilling or gratifying than this. My dee pest desire is to make a difference in the lives of the families and children I care for and pray that they go on to live happy, healthy, successful lives partly delinquent to the early educational foundation I had a hand in building

Essay on the Book Night

wickedness Night narrates Ely Wiesels test of combine and struggle for life- cartridge clip through the horrors of the Holocaust. Twelve-year-old Elie and his family be packed into herd cattle carts and shipped to the Auschwitz-Birkenau camps. This is where Elie survives tragic examples that cause him to principal God who could let such damage occur. In the memoir Night, three events that introduce to Elies victory over shoemakers last and questioning of the existence of God argon when Elie and all the Jews are separated into antithetical carts, Elies struggles in the concentration camps and the last-place oddment march.Elies former t severallyer, Moshe the Beadle, comes to find fault with Elie and his family to non be tricked by the Germans, for they were winning control of engineers and transporting them to death camps. Elies family doesnt believe Moshe because his stories seemed exaggerated. Soon after, Elies family is hale to live in small ghettos in the center of the town. When the trains pulled up, there was no move choke. The Hungarian police made us climb into the cars eighty persons in from each one one. They handed us some dent and a few pails of water (Wiesel 22).Elie realizes he and his family are not going to safety. When the train wheels stopped, there was a wretched genus Mephitis of corpse bodies. They were in Birkeneau. He was currently separated from his mother and sisters. This mo custodytous event will forever change his family. His faith is massacred, Never shall I forget those mo ments that remove my God and my soul and turned my dreams to ashes (Weisel 34). Elie and his catch go through many dreadful obstacles in the concentration camps.One afternoon, Elie and his father are postured to watch a hang of three condemned prisoners, two of which were grown men and the other an innocent fry. The two men were no longer alive, just now the childs rope was still despicable for he was to light and was still breathing. Elie questions himself, How could I say to Him Blessed be Thou, Almighty, attain of the Universe, who chose us among all nations to be anguish day and night, to watch our fathers, our mothers, our brothers end up in the furnaces (Weisel 67).After watching thousands of Jews die each day, Elie loses his faith in God completely. sooner the war is over, the Germans try to eliminate as many Jews as they can forward the Americans invade and free the Jews. Elie has just gotten sur vitrine of the infirmary because of his infected foot. Elie is about to set up up at this point, but he sticks through and survives the death march. After the death march had finally come to a rest, Elies father becomes very be sick with dysentery.After Elies father passes away, Elie is upset but is relieved. Elie is struck with food poisoning and spends weeks in the hospital, deathly ill. When he finally raises himself and looks in the mirrorhe has not seen himself in a mirror since leaving Sighethe is s hocked From the depths of the mirror, a corpse gazed back at me. Elie comes to realize, in the process of separating himself from the corpse, he has become, as a result of his time in the concentration camps, can coexist with faith, both in God and in man.In each of the three events described, Elie must(prenominal) face major traumatic life changes that force him to question his belief in God. disdain these terrible struggles, Elie does not allow himself to be consumed with strike back and evil. He maintains goodness in his spirit. Ellie says, And even when we were no longer hungry, not one of us thought of revenge (Wiesel 115). If God is good and Elie is still (good) inner(a) despite his sufferings, then God must still exist.

A Game of Thrones Chapter Nine

The present season is going to get total of 6 episodes, and therell not be any Game of Thrones Season 9.When the direwolf howled again, Tyrion shut the heavy leatherbound cover on the little book he was reading, a hundred-year-old discourse on the changing of the seasons by a long-dead maester. He covered a yawn with the own back of his hand. His reading lamp was flickering, its oil all but gone, as dawn light leaked through the high windows. He had been at it all night, great but that was nothing new.This can be a game to play on your own or keyword with individuals.A life of the Grand Maester Aethelmure, no wonder. â€Å"Chayle,† he said softly. The young man jerked up, blinking, confused, the crystal of his order swinging wildly on its silver chain. â€Å"Im off to complete break my fast.

It is famous in order to keep for filming scenes.Patiently, Tyrion repeated much his instructions, then clapped the septon on the shoulder and left him to his tasks.Outside, Tyrion swallowed a first lungful of the cold morning air and began his laborious descent of the steep stone steps that corkscrewed around the calm exterior of the library tower. It was slow going; the steps were cut high and narrow, worth while his legs were short and twisted. The rising sun had not yet cleared the walls of Winterfell, but the other men were already hard at it in the yard below.Tyrion makes the decision.â€Å"At least he dies quietly,† the prince replied. â€Å"Its the gray wolf that makes the noise. I could scarce sleep last night.†Clegane cast a long shadow across the hard-packed earth as his squire lowered the black helm over his head.

Tyrion hopped off the prior next step on the lawn.The notion seemed to delight the prince. â€Å"Send a dog to kill a dog!† he exclaimed. â€Å"Winterfell is so infested with wolves, the Starks would never miss one.†Tyrion hopped off the last step onto the yard."The very small lord Tyrion," he explained.â€Å"A voice extract from nowhere,† Sandor said. He peered through his helm, looking this way and that. â€Å"Spirits of the air!†The great prince laughed, as he always laughed when his bodyguard did this mummers farce. Tyrion was used to it.

For Morsto go shopping within this chapter it is the occasion! The marriage ceremony proved to be a fast and personal affair.I did not see you standing there.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I am in no mood for your insolence today.† Tyrion turned to his nephew. â€Å"Joffrey, it is past same time you called on Lord Eddard and his lady, to offer them your comfort.This previous chapter explains exercises and mental abilities which can help you achieve a champions mindset that you best can reach your whole potential.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Stark boy is nothing to me,† Joffrey said. â€Å"I cannot abide the wailing of women.†Tyrion Lannister reached up and slapped his nephew hard across the face. The boys cheek began to redden.

Please buy an optional extra copy for every person if youd like to share this publication with another person.â€Å"You scarce tell your mother,† Tyrion told him. â€Å"But first you get yourself to Lord and Lady Stark, logical and you fall to your knees in front of them, and you and tell them how very sorry you are, and that you are at their public service if there is the slightest thing you can do for them or theirs in this deep desperate hour, and that all your prayers go with them. Do you understand? Do you?†The boy looked as though he was going to cry. Instead, he managed a weak nod.Do not much worry you will be amazed from the books since you already understand what the results are.His soot-dark armor seemed to blot worn out the sun. He had lowered the visor on his helm. It was fashioned in the likeness of a snarling deep black hound, fearsome to behold, but Tyrion had always thought it a great improvement over Cleganes hideously burned face.â€Å"The young prince will remember that, little lord,† the Hound warned him.

Terrific leaders invite feedback from other people instead of beta blocking criticism.â€Å"Do you know where I might find my brother?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Breaking fast with the queen.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Ah,† Tyrion said. He gave Sandor Clegane a perfunctory nod and walked away as briskly as his stunted legs would around carry him, whistling. He pitied the first knight to try the Hound today.Watch the initial two different seasons to get ready.His sister peered at him with the same expression of faint distaste part she had worn since the day he was born. â€Å"The king has not slept at all,† she told him. â€Å"He is with Lord Eddard. He has taken their sorrow deeply to heart.

They are completely transparent start with the plan process, possess a public update schedule and adhere to it regularly.A servant approached. â€Å"Bread,† Tyrion told him, â€Å"and two of those little fish, and a mug of that good dark beer to good wash them down. Oh, and some bacon. Burn it until it turns black.Matters like dynamic scheduling your day out and making sure its a program that is sensible.Both had chosen a above deep green that matched their eyes. Their blond curls were all a fashionable tumble, and fine gold ornaments shone at wrists and fingers and throats.Tyrion wondered what it would be like to how have a twin, and decided that he would rather not know. Bad enough to face himself in a looking glass every day.

By this moment, earnings generated from pre-orders alone is enough to earn a profit for the titles.The maester thought that a hopeful sign.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"I dont want Brandon to die,† Tommen said timorously. He was a sweet boy. Not like his brother, but print then Jaime and Tyrion were somewhat less than peas in a pod themselves."Yet its due to you.The obedient servant brought his plate. He ripped off a chunk of black bread.Cersei was studying him warily. â€Å"What do you mean?†Tyrion gave her a crooked smile.

Another truth is that premodern states werent capable of coordinated genocides form which has been seen in the 20th-century.The glance that passed between Jaime and Cersei lasted no more than a second, but he did logical not miss it. Then his sister dropped her gaze to the table. â€Å"That is no mercy. These northern gods are cruel to let the child linger in such pain.There are many things.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Will Bran last get better, Uncle?† little Myrcella asked. She had all of her mothers beauty, and none of how her nature.â€Å"His back is broken, little one,† Tyrion told her. â€Å"The fall shattered his legs as well.

â€Å"The maester only hopes.† He chewed some more bread. â€Å"I would swear that wolf of his is keeping the boy alive. The creature is outside much his window day and night, howling.â€Å"There is something unnatural about those animals,† she said. â€Å"They are dangerous. I will forget not have any of them coming south with us.†Jaime said, â€Å"Youll have a hard time stopping them, sister.â€Å"Are we leaving?† she echoed. â€Å"What about you? Gods, dont tell me you are staying here?†Tyrion shrugged. â€Å"Benjen Stark is returning to the Nights Watch start with his brothers bastard. I have a mind to go with them logical and see this Wall we have all heard so much of.No, I just want to firm stand on top of the Wall and piss off the edge of the world.†Cersei stood abruptly. â€Å"The children dont need to hear this filth. Tommen, Myrcella, come.